Bahuguna Ananya, Dubey Shiv Kumar
Department of Biochemistry, C.B.S.H., G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, 263145, India.
Mol Nutr Food Res. 2023 Oct;67(19):e2300221. doi: 10.1002/mnfr.202300221. Epub 2023 Aug 8.
Despite of strides in modern cancer therapeutic strategies, there has not been a successful cure for it until now and prognostic side effects and substantial toxicity to chemotherapy and subsequent homeostatic imbalance remains a major concern for professionals in this field. The significance of the human microbiome in the pathogenesis of cancer is being recognized, documented, and established worldwide. Probiotics and prebiotics are some of the most extensively researched approaches to modulate the microbiota for therapeutic purposes, and research on their potential to prevent and treat cancer has sparked an immense amount of interest. The characteristics of probiotics and prebiotics allow for an array of efficient applications in cancer preventive measures. Probiotics can also be administered coupled with chemotherapy and surgery to alleviate their side effects and help promote the effectiveness of chemotherapeutic drugs. Besides showing promising results they are accompanied by potential risks and controversies that may eventually result in clinical repercussions. This review emphasizes the mechanistic potential and oncosuppressive effects of probiotic and prebiotics through maintenance of intestinal barrier function, modifying innate immune system, immunomodulation, intestinal microbiota metabolism, inhibition of host cell proliferation, preventing pathogen colonization, and exerting selective cytotoxicity against tumor cells.
尽管现代癌症治疗策略取得了进展，但迄今为止仍未找到成功治愈癌症的方法，化疗的预后副作用、严重毒性以及随后的体内平衡失调仍是该领域专业人士主要关注的问题。人类微生物群在癌症发病机制中的重要性正在全球范围内得到认可、记录和确立。益生菌和益生元是为治疗目的调节微生物群的一些研究最为广泛的方法，对它们预防和治疗癌症潜力的研究引发了极大的兴趣。益生菌和益生元的特性使其在癌症预防措施中有一系列有效的应用。益生菌还可以与化疗和手术联合使用，以减轻其副作用，并有助于提高化疗药物的疗效。除了显示出有前景的结果外，它们还伴随着潜在风险和争议，最终可能导致临床反响。本综述强调了益生菌和益生元通过维持肠道屏障功能、调节先天性免疫系统、免疫调节、肠道微生物群代谢、抑制宿主细胞增殖、防止病原体定植以及对肿瘤细胞发挥选择性细胞毒性等方面的机制潜力和肿瘤抑制作用。
