Pavlidou Eleni, Alexatou Olga, Tsourouflis Gerasimos, Antasouras Georgios, Papadopoulou Sousana K, Papandreou Dimitrios, Sampani Anastasia, Giaginis Constantinos
Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Environment, University of Aegean, Myrina, Lemnos, 81400, Greece.
Second Department of Propedeutic Surgery, Medical School, University of Athens, 11527 Athens, Greece.
Curr Diabetes Rev. 2025;21(5):e260424229418. doi: 10.2174/0115733998284749240417052006.
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) constitutes a common metabolic disorder that could lead to deleterious short- and long-term complications in both the mother and her infant. Probiotic supplementation seems to exert diverse, healthy effects by acting as a preventive agent against various human diseases, including GDM.
The purpose of the current narrative review was to critically summarize and scrutinize the available clinical studies during the last 15 years (2008-2023) concerning the use of probiotic supplementation during pregnancy as a protecting agent against GDM.
A thorough and in-depth search was performed in the most accurate scientific databases, e.g., PubMed., Scopus, Web of Science, and Google Scholar applying effective, and relevant keywords.
There are currently some clinical studies suggesting the potential beneficial impact of probiotic supplementation in the prevention and/or co-treatment of GDM. Nevertheless, there is a high heterogeneity amongst the available clinical studies concerning the dosage, the administration duration, the probiotic species types, the method designs and protocols, and the study populations.
Probiotic supplementation at conventional dosages and in combination with a balanced healthy diet, and lifestyle seems to reduce the the risk of developing GDM, while ameliorating the severity of its symptoms. Further clinical studies taking into account the above considerations should be performed to establish conclusive results, while the future meta-analyses should include studies with the feasibly lowest heterogeneity.
妊娠期糖尿病（GDM）是一种常见的代谢紊乱疾病，可能导致母亲及其婴儿出现有害的短期和长期并发症。补充益生菌似乎通过作为预防包括GDM在内的各种人类疾病的药物而发挥多种有益健康的作用。
本叙述性综述的目的是批判性地总结和审视过去15年（2008 - 2023年）期间有关孕期补充益生菌作为预防GDM的保护剂的现有临床研究。
在最准确的科学数据库中进行了全面深入的搜索，例如应用有效且相关关键词的PubMed、Scopus、科学网和谷歌学术。
目前有一些临床研究表明补充益生菌在预防和/或联合治疗GDM方面具有潜在的有益影响。然而，现有临床研究在剂量、给药持续时间、益生菌种类类型、方法设计和方案以及研究人群方面存在高度异质性。
常规剂量的益生菌补充剂与均衡健康的饮食和生活方式相结合，似乎可以降低患GDM的风险，同时减轻其症状的严重程度。应进行考虑上述因素的进一步临床研究以得出确凿结果，而未来的荟萃分析应纳入异质性尽可能低的研究。
