Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan.
Institute of Plant Science and Resources, Okayama University, Kurashiki, Okayama, Japan.
Biosci Biotechnol Biochem. 2023 Oct 25;87(11):1323-1331. doi: 10.1093/bbb/zbad109.
Dihydroxyacetone (DHA) occurs in wide-ranging organisms, including plants, and can undergo spontaneous conversion to methylglyoxal (MG). While the toxicity of MG to plants is well-known, the toxicity of DHA to plants remains to be elucidated. We investigated the effects of DHA and MG on Arabidopsis. Exogenous DHA at up to 10 mm did not affect the radicle emergence, the expansion of green cotyledons, the seedling growth, or the activity of glyoxalase II, while DHA at 10 mm inhibited the root elongation and increased the activity of glyoxalase I. Exogenous MG at 1.0 mm inhibited these physiological responses and increased both activities. Dihydroxyacetone at 10 mm increased the MG content in the roots. These results indicate that DHA is not so toxic as MG in Arabidopsis seeds and seedlings and suggest that the toxic effect of DHA at high concentrations is attributed to MG accumulation by the conversion to MG.
二羟丙酮（DHA）广泛存在于包括植物在内的各种生物体中，可自发转化为甲基乙二醛（MG）。虽然 MG 对植物的毒性已广为人知，但 DHA 对植物的毒性仍有待阐明。我们研究了 DHA 和 MG 对拟南芥的影响。高达 10 mM 的外源性 DHA 不影响胚根的萌发、绿色子叶的扩张、幼苗的生长或甘油醛酶 II 的活性，而 10 mM 的 DHA 抑制根伸长并增加甘油醛酶 I 的活性。1.0 mM 的外源性 MG 抑制这些生理反应并增加两种酶的活性。10 mM 的 DHA 增加了根中的 MG 含量。这些结果表明，在拟南芥种子和幼苗中，DHA 的毒性不如 MG 强，并表明高浓度 DHA 的毒性作用归因于 DHA 转化为 MG 而导致的 MG 积累。
