Huang Alexander A, Huang Samuel Y
Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine Chicago Illinois USA.
Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine Richmond Virginia USA.
Health Sci Rep. 2023 Aug 7;6(8):e1473. doi: 10.1002/hsr2.1473. eCollection 2023 Aug.
Depression is a major public health concern that affects over 4% of the global population. Identification of new nonpharmacologic recommendations will help decrease the burden of disease. The overarching of this study was to examine the association between physical activity and depressive symptoms in a large sample of adults in the United States.
Presently, researchers utilized data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES 2017-2020), which is a retrospective, complex, multistage, representative, and modern cohort of the United States. Adult patients ( > 18 years; = 8091) with complete 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) information were included in the study. The PHQ-9 is a well-validated survey, per literature, scores ≥10 are considered to have clinically relevant depression. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression was fit for active and sedentary activities on clinical depression (PHQ-9 ≥ 10). The acquisition and analysis of the data within this study were approved by the National Center for Health Statistics Ethics Review Board.
After adjusting for potential confounders like age, race, sex, and income, we found that increased vigorous exercise was associated with lower rates of depressive symptoms. Each extra day of vigorous exercise was associated with 11% decreased odds of depression (odd ratio [OR]: 0.89, confidence interval [CI]: 0.83-0.96, < 0.01). Increased sedentary activity was associated with increased depression. Each extra hour per day of sedentary activity was associated with a 6% increase in odds of depression (OR: 1.06, (1.02-1.10, < 0.01).
To conclude, exercise appears to be protective against depressive symptoms; however, further prospective studies are required to ascertain whether exercise causes decreased depressive symptoms.
抑郁症是一个重大的公共卫生问题，影响着全球超过4%的人口。确定新的非药物治疗建议将有助于减轻疾病负担。本研究的总体目标是在美国的大量成年人样本中，研究身体活动与抑郁症状之间的关联。
目前，研究人员利用了国家健康与营养检查调查（2017 - 2020年NHANES）的数据，这是美国一个回顾性、复杂、多阶段、具有代表性的现代队列研究。研究纳入了具有完整9项患者健康问卷（PHQ - 9）信息的成年患者（年龄>18岁；n = 8091）。根据文献，PHQ - 9是一项经过充分验证的调查，得分≥10被认为患有具有临床意义的抑郁症。对活跃和久坐活动与临床抑郁症（PHQ - 9≥10）进行单变量和多变量逻辑回归分析。本研究中数据的获取和分析得到了国家卫生统计中心伦理审查委员会的批准。
在调整了年龄、种族、性别和收入等潜在混杂因素后，我们发现剧烈运动增加与抑郁症状发生率降低相关。每天额外进行一天剧烈运动与抑郁症患病几率降低11%相关（比值比[OR]：0.89，置信区间[CI]：0.83 - 0.96，P < 0.01）。久坐活动增加与抑郁症增加相关。每天额外增加一小时久坐活动与抑郁症患病几率增加6%相关（OR：1.06，(1.02 - 1.10，P < 0.01）。
总之，运动似乎对抑郁症状有保护作用；然而，需要进一步的前瞻性研究来确定运动是否会导致抑郁症状减轻。
