Centre for Active Living and Learning, College of Human and Social Futures, University of Newcastle, Callaghan, New South Wales, Australia.
Hunter Medical Research Institute, New Lambton Heights, New South Wales, Australia.
Scand J Med Sci Sports. 2023 Nov;33(11):2369-2380. doi: 10.1111/sms.14463. Epub 2023 Aug 9.
Our study explored the mediating effect of sleep-related variables on older adolescents' mental health in the context of a school-based physical activity intervention.
We evaluated the Burn 2 Learn (B2L) intervention using a cluster randomized controlled trial, which included two cohorts. Participants for this sub-study were from the second cohort, which included 292 older adolescents (16.0 ± 0.5 years) from 10 secondary schools in New South Wales, Australia. Teachers at intervention schools delivered two high-intensity activity breaks (approximately 10 mins) per week to students during academic lessons. Participants completed measures of mental health (i.e., perceived stress and internalizing problems) and hypothesized mediators (i.e., sleep duration, sleep latency, awakenings, and daytime sleepiness) at baseline (February-April 2019) and post-intervention (August-September 2019). Single mediation analyses were conducted to explore the potential mediating effects of sleep variables on mental health outcomes using a product-of-coefficient test.
We observed a small statistically significant effect for perceived stress (β = -0.11, SE = 0.034, p = 0.002), but not for internalizing problems (β = 0.02, SE = 0.051, p = 0.760). There were no significant intervention effects for sleep-related variables. Several sleep-related variables were associated with mental health outcomes but no mediated effects were found.
The B2L intervention had a small beneficial effect on perceived stress, however our mediation analyses suggest this was not explained by changes in sleep-related variables. Markers of sleep were associated with mental health constructs, highlighting the importance of sleep for good psychological health. However, in the context of a physical activity intervention, effects on mental health may be driven by other behavioral, neurobiological, or psychosocial mechanisms.
本研究探讨了在基于学校的身体活动干预背景下，睡眠相关变量对青少年心理健康的中介作用。
我们使用整群随机对照试验评估了 Burn 2 Learn（B2L）干预，该试验包括两个队列。本研究的子研究对象来自第二个队列，包括来自澳大利亚新南威尔士州 10 所中学的 292 名青少年（16.0±0.5 岁）。干预学校的教师在学术课期间每周向学生提供两次高强度活动休息（约 10 分钟）。参与者在基线（2019 年 2 月至 4 月）和干预后（2019 年 8 月至 9 月）完成了心理健康（即感知压力和内化问题）和假设中介（即睡眠持续时间、入睡潜伏期、觉醒和白天嗜睡）的测量。使用乘积系数检验对睡眠变量对心理健康结果的潜在中介效应进行单中介分析。
我们观察到感知压力有一个小的统计学显著效应（β=-0.11，SE=0.034，p=0.002），但内化问题没有（β=0.02，SE=0.051，p=0.760）。睡眠相关变量没有显著的干预效应。一些睡眠相关变量与心理健康结果相关，但没有发现中介效应。
B2L 干预对感知压力有较小的有益影响，但我们的中介分析表明，这不是通过睡眠相关变量的变化来解释的。睡眠相关指标与心理健康结构有关，这突出了睡眠对良好心理健康的重要性。然而，在身体活动干预的背景下，对心理健康的影响可能是由其他行为、神经生物学或心理社会机制驱动的。
