The beneficial effects of vortioxetine on BDNF, CREB, S100B, β amyloid, and glutamate NR2b receptors in chronic unpredictable mild stress model of depression.

BACKGROUND

Depression, one of the most significant mental disorders, is still poorly understood in terms of its pathogenetic mechanisms despite its well-recognized association with stress.

OBJECTIVES

The current study's goal was to ascertain how the novel antidepressant drug vortioxetine (VOR) affected the BDNF (brain-derived neurotrophic factor), S100, amyloid β (Aβ), CREB (cAMP response element-binding protein), and NR2B, as well as its impact on depression-like behaviors, and tissue damage in an experimental rodent model of depression caused by chronic unpredictable stress.

METHODS

We employed twenty-eight Wistar albino male rats, and we randomly divided them into four groups, each consisting of 7 rats: control, CUMS (chronic unpredictable mild stress), CUMS+vortioxetine (CUMS+VOR), and CUMS+fluoxetine (CUMS+FLU). Sucrose preference and forced swimming tests (SPT and FST, respectively), PCR, ELISA, and histopathological and immunohistochemical evaluation were made on brains.

RESULTS

The behaviors of reduced immobility in the FST and increased sucrose preference were observed in the CUMS group and they improved in the groups treated with VOR and FLU. Compared with the control group, the group exposed to CUMS showed increased Aβ and decreased BDNF, CREB, and S-100 expressions, as well as neuronal degeneration (p<0.001). VOR and FLU treatment ameliorate the findings.

CONCLUSIONS

This study demonstrated significant ameliorative effects of VOR in an experimental model of chronic unpredictable depression to reduce brain tissue damage and depression-like behaviors in rats. Effects of CUMS on the brain and possible effects of VOR.