Postgraduate Program in Epidemiology, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS,Brazil.
Postgraduate Program in Nursing, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS,Brazil.
J Phys Act Health. 2023 Aug 9;20(9):860-867. doi: 10.1123/jpah.2022-0658. Print 2023 Sep 1.
Low prevalence of physical activity (PA) and a high prevalence of mental health problems are common among youth. The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between PA during adolescence and depression and anxiety disorders in young adulthood.
Data from the 1993 Pelotas (Brazil) Birth Cohort Study were analyzed. Leisure-time PA and total PA (leisure plus commuting) were evaluated at 11, 15, and 18 years using self-reported data. PA was evaluated at each age separately and during adolescence, considering the number of times participants reached PA recommendations. Depression and anxiety were assessed through Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview at 22 years. Crude and adjusted association analyses were performed using Poisson regression with robust error variance, providing prevalence ratios and 95% confidence intervals.
Three thousand two hundred and forty-seven participants were included in the study. In the adjusted analyses, active participants in leisure-time PA (≥300 min/wk) and total PA at 11 years were less likely to be depressed at age 22 (prevalence ratios: 0.54; 95% confidence interval, 0.33-0.89; prevalence ratios: 0.63; 95% confidence interval, 0.41-0.97). For leisure-time PA, the more PA recommendations were met during adolescence, the lower the prevalence of depression. There was no association when PA variables were evaluated separately at 15 and 18 years and between PA and anxiety after controlling for potential confounders.
Early adolescence appears to be a sensitive period for PA benefits on depression in early adulthood. The more timepoints reaching PA recommendations during adolescence, the lower the risk of depression. On the other hand, PA during adolescence was not associated with anxiety in young adults.
青少年中体力活动（PA）的流行率低和心理健康问题的流行率高是常见的。本研究旨在评估青少年时期的 PA 与青年时期抑郁和焦虑障碍之间的关系。
对 1993 年佩洛塔斯（巴西）出生队列研究的数据进行了分析。使用自我报告的数据，在 11、15 和 18 岁时评估了休闲时间 PA 和总 PA（休闲和通勤）。分别在每个年龄段评估 PA，并在青少年时期考虑参与者达到 PA 建议的次数来评估 PA。使用 Mini 国际神经精神访谈在 22 岁时评估抑郁和焦虑。使用具有稳健误差方差的泊松回归进行粗关联和调整关联分析，提供患病率比和 95%置信区间。
共有 3247 名参与者纳入研究。在调整分析中，11 岁时休闲时间 PA（≥300 分钟/周）和总 PA 活跃的参与者在 22 岁时抑郁的可能性较小（患病率比：0.54；95%置信区间，0.33-0.89；患病率比：0.63；95%置信区间，0.41-0.97）。对于休闲时间 PA，青少年时期达到的 PA 建议越多，抑郁的患病率越低。在单独评估 15 岁和 18 岁时的 PA 变量以及在控制潜在混杂因素后评估 PA 与焦虑之间没有关联。
青少年早期似乎是 PA 对成年早期抑郁有益的敏感时期。青少年时期达到 PA 建议的时间点越多，患抑郁的风险越低。另一方面，青少年时期的 PA 与年轻人的焦虑无关。
