Dalirsani Zohreh, Delavarian Zahra, Pakfetrat Atessa, Akbarzade Mahlabani Fateme, Taherizadeh Mahboobeh, Ghazi Ala
Oral and Maxillofacial Diseases Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Professor, Department of Oral Medicine, School of Dentistry, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Addict Health. 2023 Jan;15(1):1-7. doi: 10.34172/ahj.2023.1207. Epub 2023 Jan 29.
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is one of the most common types of cancer worldwide. Since there are many factors that influence the development of cancer, identifying risk factors plays an important role in cancer prevention. The aim of this study was therefore to identify the risk factors for HNSCC in Mashhad, Iran.
In this case-control study, 76 patients with HNSCC were included as the case and 91 healthy people as the control group. A checklist of risk factors was completed for each participant and the two groups were compared for the presence of risk factors. Chi-square, test, and Mann-Whitney tests were used to compare the data. Odds ratios (ORs) for several factors have also been determined.
The educational level and body mass index (BMI) of the patients in the case group were significantly lower than in the control group (<0.001). Moreover, there were significant differences between the two groups in terms of risk factors such as tobacco smoking, the number of cigarettes smoked per day, and its duration (=0.001, <0.001, =0.05), as well as the duration of hookah smoking, opium consumed per day and use of alcohol (=0.023, <0.001, =0.015).
There was a direct relationship between HNSCC and risk factors such as cigarette smoking, number of cigarettes smoked per day, duration of cigarette consumption and hookah, opium consumed per day, and alcohol use. However, extensive studies with larger sample sizes are needed to better assess the impact of these factors and generalize the results.
头颈部鳞状细胞癌（HNSCC）是全球最常见的癌症类型之一。由于有许多因素影响癌症的发展，识别风险因素在癌症预防中起着重要作用。因此，本研究的目的是确定伊朗马什哈德HNSCC的风险因素。
在这项病例对照研究中，纳入76例HNSCC患者作为病例组，91名健康人作为对照组。为每位参与者完成一份风险因素清单，并比较两组风险因素的存在情况。使用卡方检验、t检验和曼-惠特尼检验来比较数据。还确定了几个因素的比值比（OR）。
病例组患者的教育水平和体重指数（BMI）显著低于对照组（P<0.001）。此外，两组在吸烟、每日吸烟量及其持续时间（P=0.001，P<0.001，P=0.05）、水烟吸食持续时间、每日鸦片摄入量和饮酒情况（P=0.023，P<0.001，P=0.015）等风险因素方面存在显著差异。
HNSCC与吸烟、每日吸烟量、吸烟和水烟吸食持续时间、每日鸦片摄入量以及饮酒等风险因素之间存在直接关系。然而，需要进行更大样本量的广泛研究，以更好地评估这些因素的影响并推广结果。
