Department of Management, CUHK Business School, Chinese University of Hong Kong.
Department of Organization Studies and Ethics, Audencia Business School, Shenzhen Audencia Financial Technology Institute, Shenzhen University.
J Pers Soc Psychol. 2024 Apr;126(4):694-718. doi: 10.1037/pspp0000476. Epub 2023 Aug 10.
The literature on personality trait development has mainly focused on influences of life experiences in one single life domain (e.g., work or family) separate from one another and has primarily examined personality development in early life stages. Thus, less attention has been devoted to influences from interplays across different life domains and personality development in middle and late adulthood. Synthesizing the literature on personality science and organizational research, we built a theoretical model and investigated what, how, and why the interplay between two central life domains-work and family-may be related to personality trait development of people at their middle and late life stages, and more important, change-related reciprocal relationships between personality traits and work-family experiences. Generally, convergent findings with data from two longitudinal studies (National Survey of Midlife in the United States, maximum = 3,192, three waves; and Health and Retirement Study, maximum = 1,133, three waves except anxiety) revealed that work-to-family conflict, family-to-work conflict, work-to-family facilitation, and family-to-work facilitation mostly had lagged effects on changes of Conscientiousness, Extraversion, and Neuroticism, and the influences were generally channeled through changes of anxiety. Personality traits also had lagged influences on changes of work-family experiences, with some influences deteriorating over time. Change-related reciprocal relationships were recorded mainly between Neuroticism and Extraversion with work-family experiences. Some selection effects were larger than socialization effects. Our research contributes to the personality and the work-family literature and represents a useful example of cross-fertilization of research in different areas of psychology to advance personality research. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).
关于人格特质发展的文献主要集中在单个生活领域（例如，工作或家庭）的生活经历的影响上，这些影响彼此分离，主要研究的是早期生活阶段的人格发展。因此，较少关注来自不同生活领域相互作用的影响以及中年和晚年的人格发展。综合人格科学和组织研究的文献，我们构建了一个理论模型，并研究了工作和家庭这两个核心生活领域之间的相互作用如何以及为什么可能与人们中年和晚年的人格特质发展有关，更重要的是，人格特质与工作-家庭经验之间的变化相关的互惠关系。一般来说，来自两项纵向研究（美国中年全国调查，最大 = 3192，三波；以及健康与退休研究，最大 = 1133，三波，除了焦虑）的数据的趋同发现表明，工作家庭冲突、家庭工作冲突、工作家庭促进和家庭工作促进对尽责性、外向性和神经质的变化大多具有滞后影响，而这些影响通常是通过焦虑的变化来引导的。人格特质也对工作家庭经验的变化有滞后影响，一些影响随着时间的推移而恶化。变化相关的互惠关系主要记录在神经质和外向性与工作家庭经验之间。一些选择效应大于社会化效应。我们的研究为人格和工作家庭文献做出了贡献，是不同心理学领域研究交叉的一个有用范例，有助于推进人格研究。（PsycInfo 数据库记录（c）2024 APA，保留所有权利）。
