COVID-19 大流行前后的普遍新生儿听力筛查。

Universal neonatal hearing screening before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.

机构信息

Mastering Speech Therapy, Department of the Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina (UFSC), Florianópolis (SC), Brazil.

Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Speech Therapy Department, Florianópolis (SC), Brazil.

出版信息

Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol. 2023 Sep;172:111689. doi: 10.1016/j.ijporl.2023.111689. Epub 2023 Jul 26.

DOI:10.1016/j.ijporl.2023.111689

PMID:37562319

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

To verify the frequency of risk factors for hearing loss in newborns and their possible associations with universal neonatal hearing screening results before and during the COVID-19 pandemic.

METHODS

Historical cohort study with data analysis of newborns attended in a reference hearing health service of the Unified Health System (SUS) between January 2017 and December 2021.

RESULTS

Those born in 2020 and 2021 were 91% less likely to fail the screening than those born in 2017, 2018, and 2019; therefore, they had a lower percentage of referrals for a retest. There was a decrease in congenital syphilis (1.00%), decrease in HIV (0.95%), and an increase in toxoplasmosis (0.58%) and increase in rubella cases in 2021 in relation to 2017. Syphilis had lower frequency rates during the COVID-19 pandemic (2020-2021).

CONCLUSION

Newborns born in the pandemic year compared to those born pre-pandemic showed a reduction in the presence of two risk indicators for hearing loss and, consequently, a lower chance of failing the UNHS and a lower percentage of referral for retest.

摘要

目的

验证 COVID-19 大流行前后新生儿听力损失风险因素的发生频率及其与新生儿普遍听力筛查结果的可能相关性。

方法

这是一项历史队列研究，对 2017 年 1 月至 2021 年 12 月期间在统一卫生系统（SUS）参考听力保健服务就诊的新生儿进行数据分析。

结果

与 2017 年、2018 年和 2019 年出生的婴儿相比，2020 年和 2021 年出生的婴儿筛查未通过的可能性降低了 91%，因此他们需要进行复测的比例更低。与 2017 年相比，2021 年先天性梅毒（1.00%）、艾滋病毒（0.95%）减少，弓形体病（0.58%）和风疹病例增加。梅毒在 COVID-19 大流行期间（2020-2021 年）的发病率较低。