Bergquist Parrish, Warshaw Christopher
Department of Political Science, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Department of Political Science, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA.
Nat Commun. 2023 Aug 10;14(1):4850. doi: 10.1038/s41467-023-40560-y.
In the United States, state governments have been the locus of action for addressing climate change. However, the lack of a holistic measure of state climate policy has prevented a comprehensive assessment of state policies' effectiveness. Here, we assemble information from 25 individual policies to develop an aggregate index of state climate policies from 2000-2020. The climate policy index highlights variation between states which is difficult to assess in single policy studies. Next, we examine the environmental and economic consequences of state climate policy. A standard-deviation increase in climate policy is associated with a 5% reduction in per-capita electricity-sector CO2 emissions and a 2% reduction in economy-wide CO2 emissions per capita. We do not find evidence that more stringent climate policy harms states' economies. Our results make clear the benefits of state climate policy, while showing that current state efforts are unlikelyto meet the US goal under the Paris Climate Accord.
在美国，州政府一直是应对气候变化行动的核心场所。然而，缺乏对州气候政策的整体衡量标准阻碍了对州政策有效性的全面评估。在此，我们收集了25项单独政策的信息，以编制2000年至2020年州气候政策的综合指数。气候政策指数突出了各州之间的差异，而这种差异在单一政策研究中很难评估。接下来，我们研究州气候政策的环境和经济后果。气候政策标准差的增加与人均电力部门二氧化碳排放量降低5%以及人均全经济范围内二氧化碳排放量降低2%相关。我们没有发现证据表明更严格的气候政策会损害各州的经济。我们的结果明确了州气候政策的益处，同时表明目前各州的努力不太可能实现美国在《巴黎气候协定》下的目标。
