Senior Research Scientist, Ipas, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Senior Research, Monitoring and Evaluation Advisor, Ipas, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.
Sex Reprod Health Matters. 2023 Dec;31(1):2240570. doi: 10.1080/26410397.2023.2240570.
The objective of this research was to develop and assess the validity of a scale to measure perceived abortion self-efficacy (PASE). Perceived abortion self-efficacy is defined as an individual's perceived confidence in their ability to carry out the tasks necessary to end a pregnancy safely and successfully. During the first phase of this study between February and April 2018, we conducted qualitative research using in-depth interviews and focus group discussions with women in Bolivia, Nepal, and Nigeria to explore domains of PASE. Using the qualitative data, we prepared a draft set of measures with 31 items. In October and November 2018, the second phase of the study included field testing 31 draft items with a convenience sample of approximately 1200 women across the three study countries. Exploratory factor analysis was conducted to identify an appropriate scale structure, resulting in a 15-item, 3-factor model. The three factors represent the concepts of enlisting social resources, accessing information and care, and resilience. In the third and final phase in September and October 2019, the validity of the 15 scale items was assessed. The scale was administered to a new sample of approximately 400 women in each country. Confirmatory factor analyses were conducted to test model fit for the scale structure identified during the second phase. The results from this study suggest that the final PASE scale has considerable potential to be a valid measure of PASE. The new 15-item PASE scale presented in this paper can be used to evaluate programmes or interventions designed to improve women's PASE and to assess the state of PASE in populations.
本研究旨在开发并评估一种衡量堕胎自我效能感（PASE）的有效性的量表。堕胎自我效能感被定义为个体对自身安全、成功终止妊娠所需能力的信心程度。在这项研究的第一阶段（2018 年 2 月至 4 月），我们采用定性研究方法，对玻利维亚、尼泊尔和尼日利亚的女性进行了深入访谈和焦点小组讨论，探讨了 PASE 的各个领域。基于定性数据，我们编写了一份包含 31 个条目的草案。2018 年 10 月至 11 月，研究的第二阶段包括在三个研究国家中，采用方便抽样方法，对约 1200 名女性进行了 31 个草案条目的现场测试。进行探索性因素分析以确定适当的量表结构，结果得出了一个包含 15 个条目的 3 因素模型。这三个因素分别代表了争取社会资源、获取信息和护理以及韧性的概念。在 2019 年 9 月至 10 月的第三阶段，对 15 个量表条目的有效性进行了评估。在每个国家，对大约 400 名新的女性样本进行了量表的实施。对第二阶段确定的量表结构进行了验证性因素分析。研究结果表明，最终的 PASE 量表具有相当大的潜力成为 PASE 的有效衡量工具。本文提出的新的 15 项 PASE 量表可用于评估旨在提高女性 PASE 的项目或干预措施，以及评估人群中 PASE 的状况。
