College of Plant Protection, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China.
Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Natural Products and Chemical Biology, College of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, People's Republic of China.
J Agric Food Chem. 2023 Aug 23;71(33):12440-12451. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c02683. Epub 2023 Aug 10.
, which causes head blight (FHB) in cereals, is one of the most devastating fungal diseases by causing great yield losses and mycotoxin contamination. A major bioactive ingredient, venturicidin A (VentA), was isolated from S10 mycelial extract with an activity-guided approach. No report is available on antifungal activity of VentA against and effects on deoxynivalenol (DON) biosynthesis. Here, VentA showed a high antagonistic activity toward with an EC value of 3.69 μg/mL. As observed by scanning electron microscopy, after exposure to VentA, conidia and mycelia appeared abnormal. Different dyes staining revealed that VentA increased cell membrane permeability. In growth chamber and field trials, VentA effectively reduced disease severity of FHB. Moreover, VentA inhibited DON biosynthesis by reducing pyruvic acid, acetyl-CoA production, and accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and then inhibiting trichothecene () genes expression and toxisome formation. These results suggest that VentA is a potential fungicide for controlling FHB.
禾谷镰刀菌（Fusarium graminearum）可引起小麦赤霉病（FHB），是造成产量损失和真菌毒素污染的最具破坏性的真菌病害之一。采用活性导向分离法从 S10 菌的菌丝体提取物中分离到一种主要的生物活性成分——呋咱霉素 A（VentA）。目前尚无关于 VentA 对禾谷镰刀菌的抗真菌活性及其对脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇（DON）生物合成影响的报道。本研究表明 VentA 对禾谷镰刀菌具有高拮抗活性，EC 值为 3.69 μg/mL。扫描电子显微镜观察发现，经 VentA 处理后，病原菌的分生孢子和菌丝体出现异常。不同染料染色表明 VentA 增加了细胞膜通透性。在生长室和田间试验中，VentA 可有效降低小麦赤霉病的严重程度。此外，VentA 通过降低丙酮酸、乙酰辅酶 A 的产生以及活性氧（ROS）的积累，抑制了禾谷镰刀菌 DON 生物合成，进而抑制了三萜烯基因表达和产毒体的形成。这些结果表明，VentA 是一种控制小麦赤霉病的潜在杀菌剂。
