Barton Jack Charles, Wozniak Anna, Scott Chloe, Chatterjee Abhisekh, Titterton Greg Nathan, Corrigan Amber Elyse, Kuri Ashvin, Shah Viraj, Soh Ian, Kaski Juan Carlos
Critical Care and Perioperative Medicine Research Group, William Harvey Research Institute, Queen Mary University of London, London E1 4NS, UK.
Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK.
J Clin Med. 2023 Aug 7;12(15):5163. doi: 10.3390/jcm12155163.
Between-sex differences in the presentation, risk factors, management, and outcomes of acute myocardial infarction (MI) are well documented. However, as such differences are highly sensitive to cultural and social changes, there is a need to continuously re-evaluate the evidence. The present contemporary systematic review assesses the baseline characteristics of men and women presenting to secondary, tertiary, and quaternary centres with acute myocardial infarction (MI). Over 1.4 million participants from 18 studies, including primary prospective, cross sectional and retrospective observational studies, as well as secondary analysis of registry data are included in the study. The study showed that women were more likely than men to have a previous diagnosis of diabetes, hypertension, cerebrovascular disease, and heart failure. They also had lower odds of presenting with previous ischaemic heart disease and angina, dyslipidaemia, or a smoking history. Further work is necessary to understand the reasons for these differences, and the role that gender-specific risk factors may have in this context. Moreover, how these between-gender differences are implicated in management and outcomes also requires further work.
急性心肌梗死（MI）在临床表现、危险因素、治疗及预后方面的性别差异已有充分记录。然而，由于这些差异对文化和社会变化高度敏感，因此有必要持续重新评估相关证据。本项当代系统性综述评估了在二级、三级和四级医疗中心就诊的急性心肌梗死（MI）男性和女性患者的基线特征。该研究纳入了来自18项研究的140多万名参与者，包括前瞻性、横断面和回顾性观察性研究，以及登记数据的二次分析。研究表明，女性比男性更有可能既往被诊断患有糖尿病、高血压、脑血管疾病和心力衰竭。她们既往患有缺血性心脏病、心绞痛、血脂异常或有吸烟史的几率也较低。有必要进一步开展工作以了解这些差异的原因，以及特定性别的危险因素在此背景下可能发挥的作用。此外，这些性别差异如何影响治疗和预后也需要进一步研究。
