Biomedicine, Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics BIND, School of Medicine, University of Palermo, 90133 Palermo, Italy.
Euro-Mediterranean Institute of Science and Technology (IEMEST), 90139 Palermo, Italy.
Int J Mol Sci. 2023 Jul 28;24(15):12129. doi: 10.3390/ijms241512129.
Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs) represent chronic idiopathic disorders, including Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), in which one of the trigger factors is represented by aberrant immune interactions between the intestinal epithelium and the intestinal microbiota. The involvement of heat shock proteins (HSPs) as etiological and pathogenetic factors is becoming of increasing interest. HSPs were found to be differentially expressed in the intestinal tissues and sera of patients with CD and UC. It has been shown that HSPs can play a dual role in the disease, depending on the stage of progression. They can support the inflammatory and fibrosis process, but they can also act as protective factors during disease progression or before the onset of one of the worst complications of IBD, colorectal cancer. Furthermore, HSPs are able to mediate the interaction between the intestinal microbiota and intestinal epithelial cells. In this work, we discuss the involvement of HSPs in IBD considering their genetic, epigenetic, immune and molecular roles, referring to the most recent works present in the literature. With our review, we want to shed light on the importance of further exploring the role of HSPs, or even better, the role of the molecular chaperone system (CS), in IBD: various molecules of the CS including HSPs may have diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic potential, promoting the creation of new drugs that could overcome the side-effects of the therapies currently used.
炎症性肠病（IBD）是一种慢性特发性疾病，包括克罗恩病（CD）和溃疡性结肠炎（UC），其触发因素之一是肠上皮细胞和肠道微生物群之间异常的免疫相互作用。热休克蛋白（HSPs）作为病因和发病机制因素的作用越来越受到关注。在 CD 和 UC 患者的肠道组织和血清中发现 HSPs 表达差异。已经表明，HSPs 在疾病中可以发挥双重作用，这取决于疾病的进展阶段。它们可以支持炎症和纤维化过程，但也可以在疾病进展或发生 IBD 最严重的并发症之一——结直肠癌之前发挥保护作用。此外，HSPs 能够介导肠道微生物群和肠上皮细胞之间的相互作用。在这项工作中，我们讨论了 HSPs 在 IBD 中的作用，考虑了它们的遗传、表观遗传、免疫和分子作用，并参考了文献中最新的研究。通过我们的综述，我们希望强调进一步探索 HSPs 作用的重要性，甚至更好的是，分子伴侣系统（CS）在 IBD 中的作用：CS 的各种分子包括 HSPs 可能具有诊断、预后和治疗潜力，促进了新药物的研发，这些药物可能克服目前使用的治疗方法的副作用。
