Tambunan Hardiansyah, Nuryawan Arif, Iswanto Apri Heri, Risnasari Iwan, Basyuni Mohammad, Fatriasari Widya
Faculty of Forestry, 2nd Campus in Kuala Bekala, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan 20355, Indonesia.
Center Excellence for Mangrove (PUI Mangrove), Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan 20155, Indonesia.
Materials (Basel). 2023 Jul 27;16(15):5266. doi: 10.3390/ma16155266.
The development and utilization of wood briquettes is one of the efforts to reduce dependence on fossil fuels, including to fulfill overseas market need. This study aimed to evaluate the properties of wood briquettes made of the branches of three mangrove species and to analyze the effect of different wood species of mangrove branches, and the types of starch adhesive, on the quality of wood briquettes. The wood briquettes made in this study were 3 cm × 4 cm in a cylindrical shape using three wood species of mangrove branches, namely mata buaya (), buta-buta (), and bakau minyak (), while the adhesives used were tapioca starch, maize starch, and potato starch. The results showed that the moisture, ash content, and calorific value of the wood briquettes mostly met the ISO 17225-3:2-2020 class A2 standard and the specification and quality standards of wood briquettes for Grade A2 issued by the Korea Forest Research Institute, except the density. Wood briquettes made of mata buaya by using the three types of starch adhesives generally had better properties than all other types of wood briquettes. The interaction of mangrove wood species and the types of starch adhesive had a significant effect on the properties of wood briquettes, except for volatile matter and calorific value for which they had no significant effect. The use of wood briquettes from mangrove wood branches contributes to sustainable forest management and maintains the ecological function of mangrove forests while providing environmentally friendly alternative energy for households as a source of fuel/energy. Furthermore, future research is needed, such as investigating the optimal pressing pressure needed to achieve higher density of the wood briquettes.
木煤球的开发与利用是减少对化石燃料依赖的努力之一，包括满足海外市场需求。本研究旨在评估由三种红树林物种的树枝制成的木煤球的性能，并分析不同红树林树枝木材种类以及淀粉粘合剂类型对木煤球质量的影响。本研究中制作的木煤球呈圆柱形，尺寸为3厘米×4厘米，使用了三种红树林树枝木材，即海芒果（）、布塔布塔（）和油桐（），而使用的粘合剂为木薯淀粉、玉米淀粉和马铃薯淀粉。结果表明，木煤球的水分、灰分和热值大多符合ISO 17225-3:2-2020 A2级标准以及韩国森林研究所发布的A2级木煤球规格和质量标准，但密度除外。使用三种淀粉粘合剂由海芒果制成的木煤球通常比所有其他类型的木煤球具有更好的性能。红树林木材种类和淀粉粘合剂类型的相互作用对木煤球的性能有显著影响，但对挥发物和热值没有显著影响。使用红树林树枝制成的木煤球有助于可持续森林管理，维持红树林的生态功能，同时为家庭提供环保的替代能源作为燃料/能源来源。此外，还需要进行未来研究，例如研究实现更高密度木煤球所需的最佳压制压力。
