Liu Shuiqing, Zhao Tong, Fu Jinyuan, Zu Qun
State Key Laboratory for Reliability and Intelligence of Electrical Equipment, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China.
School of Mechanical Engineering, Hebei University of Technology, Tianjin 300401, China.
Materials (Basel). 2023 Aug 7;16(15):5500. doi: 10.3390/ma16155500.
Aluminum and its alloys are widely used in packaging, transportation, electrical materials, and many other fields because of their abundance, light weight, good mechanical properties, suitable corrosion resistance, excellent electrical conductivity, and other advantages. Grain refinement achieved by adding inoculant is important not only to reduce the segregation and thermal cracking of alloy castings but also to improve the mechanical properties of alloy castings. Therefore, fine equiaxed grain structure has always been one of the goals pursued by the aluminum alloy casting industry. For this reason, the selection and development of effective inoculants for aluminum alloy is a key technology in the aluminum processing industry. This paper summarizes the development history of inoculants for aluminum alloy, including Al-Ti-C, Al-Ti-B, Al-Ti, Al-Ti-B-(C)-Ce, Al-Sc, and the Fe-rich phase of Al-Si alloy. At the same time, the advantages and disadvantages of common inoculants are introduced and prospective future applications are reviewed.
铝及其合金因其储量丰富、重量轻、机械性能良好、耐腐蚀性适宜、导电性优异等优点，广泛应用于包装、运输、电气材料及许多其他领域。通过添加孕育剂实现晶粒细化不仅对减少合金铸件的偏析和热裂很重要，而且对提高合金铸件的机械性能也很重要。因此，细小等轴晶组织一直是铝合金铸造行业追求的目标之一。基于此，铝合金有效孕育剂的选择与开发是铝加工行业的一项关键技术。本文综述了铝合金孕育剂的发展历程，包括Al-Ti-C、Al-Ti-B、Al-Ti、Al-Ti-B-(C)-Ce、Al-Sc以及Al-Si合金的富铁相。同时，介绍了常见孕育剂的优缺点，并对未来的应用前景进行了展望。
