Martínez-Majolero Víctor, Urosa Belén, Hernández-Sánchez Sonsoles, Arroyo David
Faculty of Human and Social Sciences, Universidad Pontificia Comillas, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
Faculty of Sports Sciences, Universidad de Castilla la Mancha, 45071 Toledo, Spain.
Healthcare (Basel). 2023 Jul 27;11(15):2148. doi: 10.3390/healthcare11152148.
Scientific evidence demonstrates the positive impact that physical exercise has on the quality of life (QOL) of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, no study has proposed a model investigating the effect physical exercise has on the QOL of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients, considering the most frequent associated diseases (diabetes/hypertension). The objectives were (1) to explore the relationship between physical exercise and the QOL of adults with ESRD, and (2) to examine the moderating and/or mediating role of relevant patient variables. This non-interventional study utilized an ex post facto retrospective data analysis design with a sample of 310 patients with ESRD through two validated questionnaires. The dependent variables were the QOL scale (KDQOL-SF), and the physical function dimension (EFFISICA). The independent variables were the regular practice of intense physical activity (DEPINTE) and the daily time (in hours) the patient is in a sedentary attitude (TiParado). The moderating variables were the clinical situation and associated diseases. The mediator variable used was the body mass index. Bivariate and multiple regression analyses were conducted. Findings suggest implementing intense physical activity in transplant recipients and programmes to avoid sedentary lifestyles in dialysis patients have a positive effect in the QOL of ESRD patients.
科学证据表明体育锻炼对慢性肾脏病（CKD）患者的生活质量（QOL）具有积极影响。然而，尚无研究提出一个模型来探究体育锻炼对终末期肾病（ESRD）患者生活质量的影响，同时考虑到最常见的相关疾病（糖尿病/高血压）。研究目的为：（1）探究体育锻炼与成年ESRD患者生活质量之间的关系；（2）检验相关患者变量的调节和/或中介作用。这项非干预性研究采用事后回顾性数据分析设计，通过两份经过验证的问卷对310例ESRD患者进行抽样。因变量为生活质量量表（KDQOL-SF）和身体功能维度（EFFISICA）。自变量为高强度体育活动的常规开展情况（DEPINTE）以及患者久坐不动的每日时长（以小时计，TiParado）。调节变量为临床状况和相关疾病。所使用的中介变量为体重指数。进行了双变量和多元回归分析。研究结果表明，在移植受者中开展高强度体育活动以及实施相关项目以避免透析患者的久坐生活方式，对ESRD患者的生活质量具有积极影响。
