Valarezo Eduardo, Jaramillo-Jaramillo Emmily, Carrión-Campoverde Ana, Morocho Vladimir, Jaramillo-Fierro Ximena, Cartuche Luis, Meneses Miguel Angel
Departamento de Química, Universidad Técnica Particular de Loja, Loja 110107, Ecuador.
Plants (Basel). 2023 Jul 28;12(15):2796. doi: 10.3390/plants12152796.
is an aromatic species native to Ecuador. In this study, the chemical composition, enantiomeric distribution, and antifungal, antibacterial, antioxidant, and anticholinesterase activities of the essential oil isolated from aerial parts of were determined. The quantitative chemical composition was determined using gas chromatography equipped with a flame ionization detector. The qualitative chemical composition was determined using gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. The enantiomeric distribution was determined using an enantioselective chromatographic column. A broth microdilution method was used to determine the antibacterial activity. This antibacterial activity was tested against three Gram-negative bacilli bacteria and three Gram-positive cocci bacteria. The antifungal activity was tested against two fungi, a fungus, and a yeast. The antioxidant activity was determined using the ABTS (2,2-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)) method and DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) method. The anticholinesterase activity was analyzed using the spectrophotometric method. Sixty-eight volatile compounds were identified in the essential oil. These compounds represent 99.49% of the total composition. In terms of the number of compounds and their relative abundance, the most representative group was sesquiterpene hydrocarbons, with thirty-four compounds and an abundance of 49.22%. The main constituents were found to be andro encecalinol (14.41 ± 1.26%), germacrene D (8.86 ± 1.06%), amorpha-4,9-dien-14-al (7.68 ± 0.70%), -sesquiphellandrene (7.01 ± 1.49%), -muurolol (5.89 ± 0.93%), and 7---selinene (5.68 ± 0.53%). Five pairs of enantiomers were identified in the essential oil of . The essential oil did not report antimicrobial activity at the maximum concentration tested (MIC > 4000 µg/mL) against any of the microorganisms tested. The antioxidant activity of the essential oil was strong in the ABTS method, with an SC of 33.2 ± 1.4 µg/mL. Additionally, the essential oil reported moderate anticholinesterase activity, with an IC of 297.8 ± 1.03 µg/mL.
是一种原产于厄瓜多尔的芳香植物。在本研究中，测定了从其地上部分分离得到的精油的化学成分、对映体分布以及抗真菌、抗菌、抗氧化和抗胆碱酯酶活性。使用配备火焰离子化检测器的气相色谱法测定定量化学成分。使用气相色谱-质谱联用仪测定定性化学成分。使用对映体选择性色谱柱测定对映体分布。采用肉汤微量稀释法测定抗菌活性。该抗菌活性针对三种革兰氏阴性杆菌和三种革兰氏阳性球菌进行了测试。抗真菌活性针对两种真菌、一种霉菌和一种酵母菌进行了测试。使用ABTS（2,2'-联氮-双-（3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸））法和DPPH（2,2-二苯基-1-苦基肼）法测定抗氧化活性。使用分光光度法分析抗胆碱酯酶活性。在精油中鉴定出68种挥发性化合物。这些化合物占总成分的99.49%。就化合物数量及其相对丰度而言，最具代表性的类别是倍半萜烃类，有34种化合物，丰度为49.22%。主要成分被发现是andro encecalinol（14.41±1.26%）、吉马烯D（8.86±1.06%）、紫穗槐-4,9-二烯-14-醛（7.68±0.70%）、β-倍半水芹烯（7.01±1.49%）、β-穆罗醇（5.89±0.93%）和7-表-芹子烯（5.68±0.53%）。在该植物的精油中鉴定出五对对映体。在所测试的最大浓度（MIC>4000μg/mL）下，该精油对所测试的任何微生物均未表现出抗菌活性。该精油在ABTS法中的抗氧化活性较强，SC为33.2±1.4μg/mL。此外，该植物精油表现出中等的抗胆碱酯酶活性，IC为297.8±1.03μg/mL。
