Clinical Dietetics Unit, Department of Bioanalytics, Medical University of Lublin, 20-093 Lublin, Poland.
Institute of Psychology, The John Paul II Catholic University of Lublin, 20-950 Lublin, Poland.
Nutrients. 2023 Jul 28;15(15):3354. doi: 10.3390/nu15153354.
Sleep is one of the most important factors affecting the quality of life. More than 50% of Polish adults have sleeping disorders, and young adults are the ones particularly vulnerable to this. This is why the analysis of the predictors of sleep quality, such as sleep hygiene knowledge and dietary knowledge, in young adults is a very important topic, especially after the COVID-19 pandemic, which may have affected sleeping habits.
402 young adults (mean age 28.12 ± 6.08 years old) were enrolled in the study during the COVID-19 pandemic. Sleep quality was assessed with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Questionnaire, while dietary knowledge and sleep hygiene knowledge were assessed with dedicated questionnaires. The participants were also asked about the use of specific dietary supplements.
The analysis showed that sleep hygiene knowledge was significantly associated with sleep length (R = -0.17, = 0.003) and overall sleep quality (R = -0.17, = 0.005), while dietary knowledge significantly correlated with time to fall asleep (R = -0.12, = 0.026). The regression analysis revealed that sleep hygiene knowledge was a significant negative predictor of sleep quality impairment (β = -0.13, = 0.028). Significant results were also obtained for the use of supplements (β = -0.20; = 0.001) and the use of medications (β = -0.32, = 0.001), which were negative predictors of sleep quality impairment.
This study showed that increased sleep hygiene knowledge promoted improved sleep length and overall sleep quality. In addition, dietary knowledge significantly correlated with time to fall asleep. On the other hand, decreased sleep quality was observed in participants who used medications or dietary supplements.
睡眠是影响生活质量的最重要因素之一。超过 50%的波兰成年人存在睡眠障碍，而年轻人尤其容易受到影响。因此，分析年轻人睡眠质量的预测因素，如睡眠卫生知识和饮食知识，是一个非常重要的话题，尤其是在 COVID-19 大流行之后，它可能影响了睡眠习惯。
在 COVID-19 大流行期间，共有 402 名年轻人（平均年龄 28.12 ± 6.08 岁）参与了这项研究。睡眠质量采用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数进行评估，而饮食知识和睡眠卫生知识则采用专门的问卷进行评估。研究还询问了参与者是否使用特定的膳食补充剂。
分析表明，睡眠卫生知识与睡眠时间（R = -0.17，p = 0.003）和整体睡眠质量（R = -0.17，p = 0.005）显著相关，而饮食知识与入睡时间显著相关（R = -0.12，p = 0.026）。回归分析显示，睡眠卫生知识是睡眠质量受损的显著负预测因子（β = -0.13，p = 0.028）。使用补充剂（β = -0.20，p = 0.001）和使用药物（β = -0.32，p = 0.001）也得到了显著结果，它们是睡眠质量受损的负预测因子。
本研究表明，增加睡眠卫生知识可促进睡眠时间和整体睡眠质量的改善。此外，饮食知识与入睡时间显著相关。另一方面，使用药物或膳食补充剂的参与者睡眠质量下降。
