Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.
Department of Midwifery, School of Nursing and Midwifery, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.
J Res Health Sci. 2023 Mar;23(1):e00570. doi: 10.34172/jrhs.2023.105.
Despite the increase in the age of marriage, early marriage and subsequent adolescent pregnancy remain a serious problem in many regions and societies. Due to low evidence in this regard, this study was conducted to determine the health consequences of adolescent pregnancy.
This was a case-control study.
The present study was performed on pregnant women who were referred to Ayatollah Mousavi hospital of Zanjan for delivery in 2021. Pregnant women with gestational age less than 19 years were considered as the case group and those with gestational age between 19-35 years as the control group. The pregnancy outcomes on the mother and the neonate were obtained through the researcher-made checklist. Chi-square test and student's t-test were used to compare variables between the two groups.
In this study, 169 adolescent and 258 adult mothers were compared as the case and control groups, respectively. The mean age of cases and controls was 17.41±1.22 and 30.66±6.46 years, respectively. Cesarean delivery (34.5% vs. 23.67%, =0.017) and anemia during pregnancy (16.28% vs. 10.7%, =0.005) were significantly higher in the control group, while mood disorder after delivery was significantly higher in the case group (11.24% vs. 5.84%, =0.04). The Apgar score 5 minutes after birth and birth weight were significantly higher in mothers of the control group (<0.05).
The results demonstrated that adolescent mothers are more prone to postpartum depression, and babies born to these mothers are more prone to low birth weight and a low Apgar score. Therefore, adolescent pregnancy should be managed as a high-risk pregnancy.
尽管结婚年龄有所增加，但早婚和随后的青少年怀孕仍然是许多地区和社会的严重问题。由于这方面的证据不足，本研究旨在确定青少年怀孕的健康后果。
这是一项病例对照研究。
本研究对 2021 年在赞詹阿亚图拉·穆萨维医院分娩的孕妇进行了研究。将妊娠年龄小于 19 岁的孕妇视为病例组，妊娠年龄在 19-35 岁之间的孕妇视为对照组。通过研究者制作的检查表获得母亲和新生儿的妊娠结局。使用卡方检验和学生 t 检验比较两组间的变量。
本研究比较了 169 名青少年和 258 名成年母亲，分别作为病例组和对照组。病例组和对照组的平均年龄分别为 17.41±1.22 岁和 30.66±6.46 岁。剖宫产（34.5%比 23.67%，=0.017）和妊娠期贫血（16.28%比 10.7%，=0.005）在对照组中显著更高，而产后情绪障碍在病例组中显著更高（11.24%比 5.84%，=0.04）。对照组母亲的 Apgar 评分 5 分钟后和出生体重显著更高（<0.05）。
结果表明，青少年母亲更容易产后抑郁，而这些母亲所生的婴儿更容易体重低和 Apgar 评分低。因此，青少年怀孕应作为高危妊娠进行管理。
