Psychology Department, California State University San Marcos, San Marcos, CA, USA.
Clin Neuropsychol. 2024 Apr;38(3):715-737. doi: 10.1080/13854046.2023.2246669. Epub 2023 Aug 12.
In neuropsychological evaluations, assessing cognitive functioning is often achieved using objective neuropsychological measures, whereas subjective informant reports are typically obtained to determine manifest daily functioning. Informant reports of participant functioning and their associations with objective participant performance on neuropsychological testing have been shown to vary based on informant characteristics. However, associations among informant characteristics, reported functioning, and neuropsychological performance have not been adequately examined with Mexican American or other Hispanic/Latino samples, despite these populations' disproportionately higher rates of dementia due to Alzheimer's disease and related disorders. We examined associations of informant characteristics with informant reports of participant functioning (assessed the Functional Activities Questionnaire [FAQ]), and potential moderating effects of these characteristics on associations between reported functioning and participant performance on neuropsychological testing, for Mexican American adult participants in the National Alzheimer's Coordinating Center cohort ( = 294). Female informants reported significantly worse participant functioning compared to male informants ( = .035, = .126). Moreover, significant associations between reported functioning and memory performance were observed for participants with female informants, but not for those with male informants ( = .024, = .138). Higher levels of informant education were associated with significantly worse participant functioning ( = .011, = .151). However, informant education did not moderate associations between reported functioning and neuropsychological performance (s > .05). Compared to male informants, female informants may provide subjective reports of Mexican American participant functioning that more closely corroborate objective participant performance in memory.
在神经心理学评估中，通常使用客观的神经心理学测量来评估认知功能，而主观的知情者报告则用于确定明显的日常功能。已经表明，知情者对参与者功能的报告及其与神经心理学测试中客观参与者表现的关联会因知情者特征而异。然而，与墨西哥裔美国或其他西班牙裔/拉丁裔样本相关的知情者特征、报告的功能和神经心理学表现之间的关联尚未得到充分研究，尽管这些人群由于阿尔茨海默病和相关疾病导致痴呆的比例过高。我们研究了知情者特征与知情者对参与者功能的报告（使用功能活动问卷 [FAQ] 评估）之间的关联，以及这些特征对报告的功能与参与者在神经心理学测试中的表现之间的关联的潜在调节作用，研究对象为国家阿尔茨海默病协调中心队列中的墨西哥裔美国成年参与者（n=294）。女性知情者报告的参与者功能明显比男性知情者差（p=.035，η²=.126）。此外，对于有女性知情者的参与者，报告的功能与记忆表现之间存在显著关联，但对于有男性知情者的参与者则没有（p=.024，η²=.138）。知情者教育水平较高与参与者功能明显较差相关（p=.011，η²=.151）。然而，知情者教育并未调节报告的功能与神经心理学表现之间的关联（p>.05）。与男性知情者相比，女性知情者可能会对墨西哥裔美国参与者的功能提供更主观的报告，这些报告与记忆方面的客观参与者表现更吻合。
