Levin S R, Pehlevanian M Z, Lavee A E, Adachi R I
Am J Physiol. 1979 Jun;236(6):E710-20. doi: 10.1152/ajpendo.1979.236.6.E710.
To examine gut-islet interrelationships, we entirely separated the gastrointestinal tract from the rat. When we arterially perfused this preparation with an erythrocyte-free solution for 1 h, it remained histologically intact and took up oxygen and glucose. Feedings were given via a duodenal tube. The gut absorbed glucose when glucose in the feeding was high (9.2 g/dl), but not when glucose in the feeding was low (58 mg/dl). With feeding, the portal venous effluent (PVE) from this preparation (stomach to ileum) enhanced late-phase, glucose-induced insulin secretion from pancreas of another rat. This enhancement occurred when the gut was fed either glucose (9.2 g/dl) in electrolyte solution or electrolyte solution alone. PVE from glucose-fed upper gut (stomach, duodenum) was similarly insulinotropic. In contrast, PVE from unfed gut or from glucose-fed gut of old rats was not insulinotropic. PVE from all gut preparations except upper gut produced a glucagon "spike" during basal pancreatic perfusion. Effects of gastrointestinal peptides (gastric inhibitory polypeptide, cholecystokinin octapeptide, secretin, gastrin) and immunoassays of PVE suggested that the insulinotropic substance is not one of these peptides. Thus, an insulinotropic substance that is not dependent on feeding nutrient material is secreted from the intestine.
为了研究肠道与胰岛之间的相互关系，我们将大鼠的胃肠道完全分离出来。当用无红细胞溶液对该标本进行动脉灌注1小时后，其组织学结构保持完整，并能摄取氧气和葡萄糖。通过十二指肠管进行喂食。当喂食中的葡萄糖含量高（9.2克/分升）时，肠道能吸收葡萄糖，但当喂食中的葡萄糖含量低（58毫克/分升）时则不能。喂食时，该标本（从胃到回肠）的门静脉流出液（PVE）增强了另一只大鼠胰腺中葡萄糖诱导的晚期胰岛素分泌。当肠道喂食电解质溶液中的葡萄糖（9.2克/分升）或仅喂食电解质溶液时，都会出现这种增强作用。来自喂食葡萄糖的上消化道（胃、十二指肠）的PVE同样具有促胰岛素分泌作用。相比之下，未喂食的肠道或老年大鼠喂食葡萄糖后的肠道产生的PVE则没有促胰岛素分泌作用。除上消化道外，所有肠道标本产生的PVE在基础胰腺灌注期间都会出现胰高血糖素“峰值”。胃肠道肽（胃抑肽、八肽胆囊收缩素、促胰液素、胃泌素）的作用以及PVE的免疫测定表明，促胰岛素分泌物质不是这些肽中的一种。因此，肠道会分泌一种不依赖于喂食营养物质的促胰岛素分泌物质。
