Kramer Peter
Department of General Psychology, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.
Front Psychol. 2023 Jul 28;14:1149381. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1149381. eCollection 2023.
This article lays out the foundation of a new language for easier written communication that is inherently reader-friendly and inherently international. Words usually consist of strings of sounds or squiggles whose meanings are merely a convention. In , instead, they typically are strings of icons that illustrate what they stand for. "Train," for example, is expressed with the icon of a train, "future" with the icon of a clock surrounded by a clockwise arrow, and "mammal" with the icons of a cow and a mouse-their combination's meaning given by what they have in common. Moreover, Icono reveals sentence structure graphically before, rather than linguistically after, one begins reading. On smartphones and computers, writing icons can now be faster than writing alphabetic words. And using simple pictures as words helps those who struggle with conditions like dyslexia, aphasia, cerebral palsy, and autism with speech impairment. Because learning its pronunciation or phonetic spelling is optional rather than a prerequisite, and because it shows what it says, Icono is bound to be easier to learn to read-and then easier to read-than any other language, including our own.
本文奠定了一种新语言的基础,这种语言便于书面交流,本质上对读者友好且具有国际性。单词通常由一串声音或符号组成,其含义仅仅是一种约定俗成。相反,在这种语言中,它们通常是一串图标,这些图标描绘了它们所代表的事物。例如,“火车”用火车的图标来表示,“未来”用一个被顺时针箭头环绕的时钟图标来表示,“哺乳动物”用一头牛和一只老鼠的图标来表示——它们组合的含义由它们的共同之处决定。此外,图标语言(Icono)在人们开始阅读之前就以图形方式揭示句子结构,而不是像语言那样在阅读之后。在智能手机和电脑上,书写图标现在可能比书写字母单词更快。而且使用简单的图片作为单词有助于那些患有诵读困难、失语症、脑瘫和有语言障碍的自闭症等疾病的人。因为学习它的发音或音标拼写是可选项而非先决条件,并且因为它表意直观,图标语言肯定比包括我们自己的语言在内的任何其他语言都更容易学以致读,进而更容易阅读。