Steel Laura, Welling Matthew, Ristevski Nic, Johnson Kim, Gendall Anthony
Australian Research Council Research Hub for Medicinal Agriculture, La Trobe Institute for Sustainable Agriculture and Food, Department of Animal, Plant and Soil Sciences, School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment, La Trobe University, Bundoora, VIC, Australia.
Front Plant Sci. 2023 Jul 27;14:1227898. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1227898. eCollection 2023.
L. is a phenotypically diverse and multi-use plant used in the production of fiber, seed, oils, and a class of specialized metabolites known as phytocannabinoids. The last decade has seen a rapid increase in the licit cultivation and processing of for medical end-use. Medical morphotypes produce highly branched compact inflorescences which support a high density of glandular trichomes, specialized epidermal hair-like structures that are the site of phytocannabinoid biosynthesis and accumulation. While there is a focus on the regulation of phytocannabinoid pathways, the genetic determinants that govern flowering time and inflorescence structure in are less well-defined but equally important. Understanding the molecular mechanisms that underly flowering behavior is key to maximizing phytocannabinoid production. The genetic basis of flowering regulation in has been examined using genome-wide association studies, quantitative trait loci mapping and selection analysis, although the lack of a consistent reference genome has confounded attempts to directly compare candidate loci. Here we review the existing knowledge of flowering time control in , and, using a common reference genome, we generate an integrated map. The co-location of known and putative flowering time loci within this resource will be essential to improve the understanding of phenology.
大麻是一种表型多样且用途广泛的植物，可用于生产纤维、种子、油以及一类被称为植物大麻素的特殊代谢产物。在过去十年中，用于医疗用途的大麻合法种植和加工迅速增加。药用形态类型产生高度分支的紧密花序，这些花序支持高密度的腺毛，腺毛是一种特殊的表皮毛发状结构，是植物大麻素生物合成和积累的场所。虽然人们关注植物大麻素途径的调控，但控制大麻开花时间和花序结构的遗传决定因素尚不明确，但同样重要。了解开花行为背后的分子机制是实现植物大麻素产量最大化的关键。尽管缺乏一致的参考基因组使得直接比较候选基因座的尝试变得复杂，但已经通过全基因组关联研究、数量性状基因座定位和选择分析研究了大麻开花调控的遗传基础。在这里，我们回顾了大麻开花时间控制的现有知识，并使用一个共同的参考基因组生成了一个综合图谱。已知和推定的开花时间基因座在该资源中的共定位对于增进对大麻物候学的理解至关重要。
