Department of Internal Medicine, College of Health Science, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Department of Internal Medicine, St. Paul's Hospital Millennium Medical College, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Ethiop J Health Sci. 2023 May;33(3):499-506. doi: 10.4314/ejhs.v33i3.13.
End-stage kidney disease is increasing worldwide, primarily in the developing countries. It is affecting mainly the productive age group. Though the prevalence of the disease is increasing in Ethiopia, there are few studies. We therefore sought to describe the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of hemodialysis patients.
A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted at 17 hemodialysis centers in Addis Ababa. Patients who received hemodialysis for at least three months were included in the study. Socio-demographic and clinical data were collected via questionnaires from October to November 2021.
This study involved 318 participants with males making up 197 (61.9%) of the participants. Among the total, 248 (78.0%) were in the age group of 20 to 60 years and 155 (48.7%) were unemployed. Hypertension and diabetes mellitus were the major risk factors for end-stage kidney disease. The mean duration of dialysis was 2.26 years. The frequency of dialysis was twice weekly in 150 (47.2%) of the patients and thrice weekly in 138 (43.4%) of the patients. Arterio veneous fistula was used in approximately three-quarters of patients, i.e. 237 (74.5%). The majority of the patients on hemodialysis, 193 (60.7%), pay their own expenses, and 52 (16.4%) of the patients received hemodialysis at public hemodialysis centers. More than two-third of the patients were not in the process of undergoing a kidney transplant due to a variety of factors, including inability to find a donor, 106 (47.7%), being unfit for surgery, 56 (25.2%), and financial constraints, 38 (17.1%).
The majority of the patients on dialysis were men, middle-aged, and unemployed. The majority of the patients underwent dialysis in private institutions and were self-funded, and most of them had inadequate dialysis doses. The inability to find a living donor was the most difficult aspect of undergoing kidney transplantation.
终末期肾病在全球范围内不断增加，主要发生在发展中国家。它主要影响生产年龄组。尽管该病在埃塞俄比亚的流行率正在上升，但研究很少。因此，我们试图描述血液透析患者的临床和流行病学特征。
在亚的斯亚贝巴的 17 个血液透析中心进行了一项描述性横断面研究。纳入至少接受三个月血液透析的患者。2021 年 10 月至 11 月，通过问卷收集社会人口学和临床数据。
本研究共纳入 318 名参与者，其中男性 197 名（61.9%）。在所有参与者中，248 名（78.0%）年龄在 20 至 60 岁之间，155 名（48.7%）失业。高血压和糖尿病是导致终末期肾病的主要危险因素。透析的平均持续时间为 2.26 年。150 名（47.2%）患者每周透析两次，138 名（43.4%）患者每周透析三次。大约四分之三的患者（即 237 名，74.5%）使用动静脉瘘。大多数血液透析患者（193 名，60.7%）自费支付费用，52 名（16.4%）患者在公立血液透析中心接受透析。由于各种因素，超过三分之二的患者未进行肾移植，包括找不到供体，106 名（47.7%）、不适合手术，56 名（25.2%）和经济限制，38 名（17.1%）。
接受透析的患者大多数是男性、中年和失业。大多数患者在私人机构接受透析，自费支付费用，大多数患者透析剂量不足。找不到活体供体是进行肾移植最困难的方面。
