Feijó Diogo Macedo, Pires Jackson Frederico, Gomes Regiane Maria Ribeiro, Carlo Ettore José Filippi, Viana Tayenne Nélly de Lucena, Magalhães Jacqueline Rodrigues, Santos Amanda Cristine Trevisan, Rodrigues Laís Damasceno, Oliveira Leandro Freitas, Dos Santos Júlio César Claudino
Universidade Estadual da Paraíba, Paraíba PB, Brazil.
Universidade Nove de Julho, Bauru SP, Brazil.
Dement Neuropsychol. 2023 Aug 7;17:e20220105. doi: 10.1590/1980-5764-DN-2022-0105. eCollection 2023.
The development of the human nervous system makes up a series of fundamental and interdependent events involving birth, growth, and neuronal maturation, in addition to the positive or negative selection of synapses of these neurons that will participate in the composition of neural circuits essential to the activity of the nervous system. In this context, where environment and social relationships seem to be relevant markers for neurodevelopment, advanced neuroimaging techniques and behavioral assessment tools have demonstrated alterations in brain regions and cognitive functions among children developing in low or high socioeconomic status environments. Considering the aspects mentioned, this review aimed to identify the importance of socioeconomic status in children's brain development, seeking to identify what are the impacts of these factors on the morphological and physiological formation of the nervous system, allowing a greater understanding of the importance of environmental factors in neurodevelopmental processes.
人类神经系统的发育构成了一系列基本且相互依存的事件，这些事件涉及出生、生长和神经元成熟，此外还包括对这些神经元突触的正向或负向选择，而这些突触将参与构成对神经系统活动至关重要的神经回路。在这种环境和社会关系似乎是神经发育相关标志的背景下，先进的神经成像技术和行为评估工具已证明，在社会经济地位低或高的环境中成长的儿童，其脑区和认知功能存在改变。考虑到上述方面，本综述旨在确定社会经济地位在儿童大脑发育中的重要性，试图找出这些因素对神经系统形态和生理形成的影响，以便更深入理解环境因素在神经发育过程中的重要性。
