Deroche Luc, Bellecave Pantxika, David Romain, Ouattara Eric, Garcia Magali, Roblot France, Boinot Laurence, Faucher Jean-François, Rejasse Aurélie, Gschwind Guillaume, Malvy Denis, Filleul Laurent, Rogez Sylvie, Lévêque Nicolas, Lafon Marie-Edith
Virology Laboratory, CHU Poitiers, Poitiers, France.
Virology Laboratory, CHU Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.
Front Microbiol. 2023 Jul 28;14:1176575. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1176575. eCollection 2023.
Since 2021, 3 variants of concern (VOC) have spread to France, causing successive epidemic waves.
To describe the features of Alpha, Delta and Omicron VOC circulation in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region, France, between February 2021 and February 2022.
Data from the three university hospitals (UH) of Nouvelle-Aquitaine were used to describe regional SARS-CoV-2 circulation (RT-PCR positive rates and identified VOC) as well as its consequences (total number of hospitalizations and admissions in intensive care unit). They were analyzed according to the predominant variant and compared with national data.
A total of 611,106 SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR tests were performed in the 3 Nouvelle-Aquitaine UH during the study period. The 37,750 positive samples were analyzed by variant-specific RT-PCR or whole-genome sequencing. In 2021, Alpha VOC was detected from week 5 until week 35. Delta became the most prevalent variant (77.3%) in week 26, reaching 100% in week 35. It was replaced by Omicron, which was initially detected week 48, represented 77% of positive samples in week 52 and was still predominant in February 2022. The RT-PCR positive rates were 4.3, 4.2, and 21.9% during the Alpha, Delta and Omicron waves, respectively. The ratio between intensive care unit admissions and total hospitalizations was lower during the Omicron wave than during the two previous waves due to the Alpha and Delta variants.
This study highlighted the need for strong regional cooperation to achieve effective SARS-CoV-2 epidemiological surveillance, in close association with the public health authorities.
自2021年以来，三种值得关注的变异株（VOC）已传播至法国，引发了连续的疫情浪潮。
描述2021年2月至2022年2月期间，法国新阿基坦地区阿尔法、德尔塔和奥密克戎变异株的传播特征。
利用新阿基坦地区三家大学医院（UH）的数据，描述该地区严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）的传播情况（逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-PCR）阳性率和鉴定出的变异株）及其后果（住院总数和重症监护病房收治人数）。根据主要变异株进行分析，并与全国数据进行比较。
在研究期间，新阿基坦地区的三家大学医院共进行了611,106次SARS-CoV-2 RT-PCR检测。对37,750份阳性样本进行了变异株特异性RT-PCR或全基因组测序分析。2021年，在第5周直至第35周检测到阿尔法变异株。德尔塔变异株在第26周成为最流行的变异株（77.3%），在第35周达到100%。它被奥密克戎变异株取代，奥密克戎变异株最初在第48周被检测到，在第52周占阳性样本的77%，并在2022年2月仍然占主导地位。在阿尔法、德尔塔和奥密克戎变异株流行期间，RT-PCR阳性率分别为4.3%、4.2%和21.9%。由于阿尔法和德尔塔变异株，奥密克戎变异株流行期间重症监护病房收治人数与住院总数的比率低于前两波疫情。
本研究强调了与公共卫生当局密切合作，加强区域合作以实现有效的SARS-CoV-2流行病学监测的必要性。
