Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.
Department of Therapy, Shanghai Yangzhi Rehabilitation Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Clin Physiol Funct Imaging. 2024 Jan;44(1):1-13. doi: 10.1111/cpf.12852. Epub 2023 Aug 21.
Blood flow restriction (BFR) is a relatively new rehabilitative technique and low-load exercise combined with BFR (LL-BFR) can increase muscle strength and muscle mass. However, it is currently unknown whether LL-BFR causes muscle damage. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the effects of LL-BFR on muscle damage and provide recommendations for sports training and physical exercise.
A systematic search was conducted using PubMed, Web of Science, Medline, Cochrane Library and Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) with a cut-off of March 2022. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and English-language studies were selected. Two independent assessors used the PEDro scoring scale to evaluate the methodological quality and risk of bias of the included studies.
Of the 2935 articles identified, 15 RCTs were included in this systematic review. Two studies demonstrated that LL-BFR could induce muscle damage in healthy individuals; however, two studies presented contrasting findings in the short term. Four studies found that no muscle damage occurred after LL-BFR in the long term. The remaining seven articles showed that it was unclear if LL-BFR could cause muscle damage, regardless of whether these participants were trained or not.
Although LL-BFR may induce muscle damage within 1 week, it will help gain long-term muscle strength and muscle hypertrophy. However, the lack of sufficient evidence on the effect of LL-BFR on muscle damage in clinical practice warrants additional RCTs with large sample sizes in the future.
血流限制（BFR）是一种相对较新的康复技术，低负荷运动与 BFR 结合（LL-BFR）可以增加肌肉力量和肌肉质量。然而，目前尚不清楚 LL-BFR 是否会造成肌肉损伤。因此，本研究旨在探讨 LL-BFR 对肌肉损伤的影响，并为运动训练和体育锻炼提供建议。
使用 PubMed、Web of Science、Medline、Cochrane Library 和 Physiotherapy Evidence Database（PEDro）进行系统检索，截止日期为 2022 年 3 月。选择随机对照试验（RCT）和英语语言研究。两名独立评估员使用 PEDro 评分量表评估纳入研究的方法学质量和偏倚风险。
在确定的 2935 篇文章中，有 15 项 RCT 被纳入本系统评价。两项研究表明，LL-BFR 可以在健康个体中引起肌肉损伤；然而，两项研究在短期内得出了相反的结果。四项研究发现，长期进行 LL-BFR 后不会发生肌肉损伤。其余七篇文章表明，无论参与者是否接受过训练，都不清楚 LL-BFR 是否会导致肌肉损伤。
虽然 LL-BFR 在 1 周内可能会引起肌肉损伤，但它将有助于获得长期的肌肉力量和肌肉肥大。然而，在临床实践中，关于 LL-BFR 对肌肉损伤影响的证据不足，需要未来进行更多具有大样本量的 RCT 研究。
