AgroBioTech Research Center, Slovak University of Agriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovak Republic.
Institute of Nutrition and Genomics, Faculty of Agrobiology and Food Resources, Slovak University ofAgriculture in Nitra, Tr. A. Hlinku 2, 949 76 Nitra, Slovak Republic.
Rocz Panstw Zakl Hig. 2023;74(3):295-307. doi: 10.32394/rpzh.2023.0268.
The COVID-19 pandemic caused by the coronavirus was accompanied by the emergence of various adverse conditions, as well as the deterioration of health from the point of view of chronic diseases, as well as lifestyle changes related to the preference of certain foods and changes in body weight due to the restriction of free movement.
The objective of our survey was to assess the impact of the pandemic and lockdown on selected key lifestyle elements affecting the overall health status of the Slovak population and subsequently to evaluate subjectively assessed changes in the respondents' eating habits, daily routine, physical activity and body weight.
The research group consisted of 528 participants who took part in an online distributed questionnaire survey.
Respondents subjectively evaluated the change in lifestyle rather negatively. Up to 48.37% of men and 38.93% of women reported a change for the worse. Almost 59% of participants reported no change in their health, while almost a quarter reported a slight deterioration in their health. A change in eating habits for the worse was reported by 22.88% of men and 28.26% of women (p<0.05). Increased appetite during the lockdown was reported by 24.18% of men and 35.47% of women (p<0.05), more frequent overeating during the pandemic occurred in 30.07% of men and 38.13% of women. When evaluating the consumption of individual food commodities, the increased consumption of fresh fruit, fresh vegetables (p<0.01), homemade bread (p<0.05), homemade pastries (p<0.05) and dairy products (p<0.05) is very favourable. We also found a significant increase in the consumption of sweets (p<0.01) and coffee (p<0.001). When evaluating the sleep pattern, we noted an increase in sleep during the pandemic, as well as more time spent sitting. Over half of the respondents reported a change in body weight, in most cases it was an increase in both sexes.
The results show that the pandemic and the restrictions during it caused changes not only in diet, but also in physical activity, daily routine and overall lifestyle. However, this is a very specific issue that needs to be assessed in a comprehensive and strictly personalized manner. The positive or negative impact of the pandemic on the health of the population will be the subject of research in the near future.
由冠状病毒引起的 COVID-19 大流行伴随着各种不利条件的出现，以及从慢性病角度看健康状况的恶化，以及由于自由活动受限而导致对某些食物的偏好和体重变化的生活方式改变。
我们的调查目的是评估大流行和封锁对影响斯洛伐克人口整体健康状况的某些关键生活方式因素的影响，然后主观评估受访者饮食习惯、日常生活、身体活动和体重的变化。
研究小组由 528 名参与者组成，他们参加了在线分发的问卷调查。
受访者主观上对生活方式的改变评价相当负面。多达 48.37%的男性和 38.93%的女性报告说情况恶化。近 59%的参与者表示他们的健康没有变化，而近四分之一的人表示他们的健康状况略有恶化。22.88%的男性和 28.26%的女性报告饮食习惯恶化（p<0.05）。封锁期间食欲增加的男性为 24.18%，女性为 35.47%（p<0.05），在疫情期间暴饮暴食的男性为 30.07%，女性为 38.13%。在评估个人食品消费时，新鲜水果、新鲜蔬菜（p<0.01）、自制面包（p<0.05）、自制糕点（p<0.05）和乳制品（p<0.05）的消费增加非常有利。我们还发现甜食（p<0.01）和咖啡（p<0.001）的消费显著增加。在评估睡眠模式时，我们注意到大流行期间睡眠增加，以及坐着的时间增加。超过一半的受访者报告体重发生变化，在大多数情况下，两性的体重都增加了。
结果表明，大流行及其期间的限制不仅导致了饮食的改变，还导致了身体活动、日常生活和整体生活方式的改变。然而，这是一个非常具体的问题，需要以全面和严格个性化的方式进行评估。大流行对人口健康的积极或消极影响将是近期研究的主题。
