Xia Hao, Riaz Muhammad, Babar Saba, Yan Lei, Li Yuxuan, Wang Xiangling, Wang Jiyuan, Jiang Cuncang
Microelement Research Center, College of Resources and Environment, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei, 430070, PR China.
College of Resources and Environment, Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering, Guangzhou, 510225, PR China.
J Environ Manage. 2023 Nov 1;345:118796. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2023.118796. Epub 2023 Aug 12.
In arable soils, anthropogenic activities such as fertilizer applications have intensified soil acidification in recent years. This has resulted in frequent environmental problems such as aluminum (Al) and H stress, which negatively impact crop yields and quality in acidic soils. Biochar, as a promising soil conditioner, has attracted much attention globally. The present study was conducted in a greenhouse by setting up 2% biochar rate to investigate how biochar relieves Al hazards in acidic soil by affecting soil quality, soil environment, and soil microbiomes. The addition of biochar significantly improved soil fertility and enzyme activities, which were attributed to its ability to enhance the utilization of soil carbon sources by influencing the activity of soil microorganisms. Moreover, the Al contents were significantly decreased by 66.61-88.83% compared to the C0 level (without biochar treatment). In particular, the results of the Al NMR suggested that forms of Al (Al(OH), Al(OH)+ 2, and Al) were increased by 88.69-100.44% on the surface of biochar, reducing the Al stress on soil health. The combination of biochar and nitrogen (N) fertilizer contributed to the augmentation of bacterial diversity. The application of biochar and N fertilizer increased the relative abundance of the majority of bacterial species. Additionally, the application of biochar and N fertilizer had a significant impact on soil microbial metabolism, specifically in the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites (lipids and organic acids) and carbon metabolic ability. In conclusion, biochar can enhance soil microbial activity and improve the overall health of acidic soil by driving microbial metabolism. This study offers both theoretical and technical guidance for enhancing biochar in acidified soil and promoting sustainable development in farmland production.
在可耕地土壤中，近年来诸如施肥等人为活动加剧了土壤酸化。这导致了诸如铝（Al）和氢离子（H）胁迫等频繁出现的环境问题，对酸性土壤中的作物产量和品质产生负面影响。生物炭作为一种有前景的土壤改良剂，在全球范围内备受关注。本研究在温室中进行，设置了2%的生物炭施用量，以研究生物炭如何通过影响土壤质量、土壤环境和土壤微生物群落来缓解酸性土壤中的铝危害。生物炭的添加显著提高了土壤肥力和酶活性，这归因于其通过影响土壤微生物活性来提高土壤碳源利用率的能力。此外，与C0水平（不进行生物炭处理）相比，铝含量显著降低了66.61 - 88.83%。特别是，铝核磁共振结果表明，生物炭表面的铝形态（Al(OH)、Al(OH)+ 2和Al）增加了88.69 - 100.44%，减轻了铝对土壤健康的胁迫。生物炭与氮肥的组合有助于增加细菌多样性。生物炭和氮肥的施用增加了大多数细菌物种的相对丰度。此外，生物炭和氮肥的施用对土壤微生物代谢有显著影响，特别是在次生代谢产物（脂质和有机酸）的生物合成和碳代谢能力方面。总之，生物炭可以通过驱动微生物代谢来增强土壤微生物活性，改善酸性土壤的整体健康状况。本研究为在酸化土壤中增强生物炭作用和促进农田生产可持续发展提供了理论和技术指导。
