Wang Weimin, Zhang Jiaxin, Hu Ming, Liu Xitao, Sun Tao, Zhang Hui
State Key Laboratory of Water Environment Simulation, School of Environment, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China.
Command Center of Natural Resources Comprehensive Survey, China Geological Survey, Beijing 100055, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2023 Dec 10;903:166120. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.166120. Epub 2023 Aug 12.
Antidepressants (ATDs) are one of the most prescribed medications for psychiatric conditions. The widespread presence in aquatic environment and demonstrated ecotoxicity make ATDs a class of concerning emerging contaminants. Municipal wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) provide important connecting channel between wastewater and aquatic environment. Herein, we present a critical overview of the occurrence, transformation and toxicity of typical ATDs during water treatments. The total concentration of the detected ATDs and their metabolites in the WWTP influents and effluents are 72.62-5011.80 ng/L and 114.48-6992.40 ng/L, respectively, on a global scale. The frequently observed negative removal of ATDs in WWTPs indicates that some ATDs exist as conjugates in wastewaters. The biotic and abiotic transformation of ATDs and the generated transformation byproducts (TPs) were identified, which occurred in WWTPs worldwide along with ATDs. Acute toxicity of ATDs and their TPs was predicated using the ECOSAR model. Compared to ATDs, the demonstrated enhanced toxicity of several TPs to aquatic organisms necessitates more attention on TPs monitoring in WWTPs. This work provides scientific support for wastewater advanced treatment to alleviate ATDs pollution in effluents.
抗抑郁药（ATDs）是治疗精神疾病时最常处方的药物之一。抗抑郁药在水生环境中广泛存在且已证实具有生态毒性，这使其成为一类令人担忧的新兴污染物。城市污水处理厂（WWTPs）是废水与水生环境之间的重要连接渠道。在此，我们对典型抗抑郁药在水处理过程中的存在、转化和毒性进行了批判性综述。在全球范围内，污水处理厂进水和出水中检测到的抗抑郁药及其代谢物的总浓度分别为72.62 - 5011.80纳克/升和114.48 - 6992.40纳克/升。污水处理厂中经常观察到抗抑郁药去除率为负，这表明一些抗抑郁药在废水中以共轭物形式存在。已确定了抗抑郁药的生物和非生物转化以及产生的转化副产物（TPs），这些在全球的污水处理厂中与抗抑郁药同时发生。使用ECOSAR模型预测了抗抑郁药及其转化副产物的急性毒性。与抗抑郁药相比，已证实几种转化副产物对水生生物的毒性增强，因此需要更多关注污水处理厂中转化副产物的监测。这项工作为废水深度处理以减轻出水中抗抑郁药污染提供了科学支持。
