Department of Public Health, College of Veterinary Medicine, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 400, Hofuf, 31982, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia; Department of Animal Nutrition and Clinical Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, 71526, Egypt.
Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Zagazig University, 44519, Zagazig, Egypt.
Microb Pathog. 2023 Oct;183:106301. doi: 10.1016/j.micpath.2023.106301. Epub 2023 Aug 12.
Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a foremost human and animal pathogen with public health and veterinary significance causing hospital and community infections and contagious bovine mastitis. Due to its ability to develop multidrug resistance (MDR) and its pathogenicity, MRSA infection control is becoming a global concern. Natural antibacterial options are needed to combat MDR development and infectious dissemination. This study investigated the antimicrobial resistance and virulence genes profiling of MRSA isolates and explored the antivirulence efficacy of trans-cinnamaldehyde, thymol, and carvacrol essential oils (EOs) against multivirulent and MDR-MRSA isolates. Thirty six S. aureus isolates (25%) were retrieved, of which 34 (94.4%) were MRSA. A high prevalence of MDR (66.7%) was monitored and all 53 molecularly verified isolates possessed icaA and cna virulence genes. Moreover, 94.1% of these isolates were multivirulent with 23.5% of them carrying icaA, cna, eta, tst, and sea virulence genes. Our data proved superior in vitro antimicrobial and antivirulence activities of trans-cinnamaldehyde, thymol, and carvacrol. They inhibited the growth of multi-virulent and MDR-MRSA isolates and downregulated the transcription of examined virulence genes. Our study suggests using EOs as prospective antimicrobials with excellent antivirulence activities against MRSA isolates. We provided data regarding the eventual role of phytogenics in prevention and control of MRSA infection.
耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）是一种主要的人兽病原体，具有公共卫生和兽医意义，可引起医院和社区感染以及传染性牛乳腺炎。由于其能够产生多药耐药性（MDR）及其致病性，MRSA 感染控制正成为全球关注的问题。需要天然抗菌剂来对抗 MDR 的发展和传染性传播。本研究调查了 MRSA 分离株的抗菌耐药性和毒力基因谱，并探讨了反式肉桂醛、百里香酚和香芹酚精油（EOs）对多毒力和多药耐药性-MRSA 分离株的抗病毒功效。从 36 株金黄色葡萄球菌分离株（25%）中回收了 34 株（94.4%）MRSA。监测到高比例的多药耐药性（66.7%），所有 53 个分子验证的分离株均携带 icaA 和 cna 毒力基因。此外，这些分离株中有 94.1%是多毒力的，其中 23.5%携带 icaA、cna、eta、tst 和 sea 毒力基因。我们的数据证明了反式肉桂醛、百里香酚和香芹酚的体外抗菌和抗病毒活性更优。它们抑制了多毒力和多药耐药性-MRSA 分离株的生长，并下调了所检查的毒力基因的转录。我们的研究表明，EOs 可以作为具有出色抗病毒活性的潜在抗菌剂，用于治疗 MRSA 分离株。我们提供了有关植物源药物在预防和控制 MRSA 感染方面的潜在作用的数据。
