金黄色葡萄球菌致创伤感染的毒力基因分布及其与抗生素耐药性的相关性。
Virulence genes distributed among Staphylococcus aureus causing wound infections and their correlation to antibiotic resistance.
机构信息
Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Deraya University, Minia, Egypt.
Microbiology and Immunology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt.
出版信息
BMC Infect Dis. 2022 Jul 28;22(1):652. doi: 10.1186/s12879-022-07624-8.
BACKGROUND
Staphylococcus aureus causes many human infections, including wound infections, and its pathogenicity is mainly influenced by several virulence factors.
AIM
This study aimed to detect virulence genes (hla, sea, icaA, and fnbA) in S. aureus isolated from different wound infections among Egyptian patients admitted to Minia University Hospital. This study also aimed to investigate the prevalence of these genes in methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA), methicillin-susceptible S. aureus (MSSA), and vancomycin-resistant S. aureus isolates and the resistance and sensitivity to different antibiotic classes.
METHODS
A cross-sectional study was carried out from November 2019 to September 2021. Standard biochemical and microbiological tests revealed 59 S. aureus isolates. The Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method was used to determine antibiotic susceptibility. DNA was extracted using a DNA extraction kit, and polymerase chain reaction was used to amplify all genes.
RESULTS
A total of 59 S. aureus isolates were detected from 51 wound samples. MRSA isolates accounted for 91.5%, whereas MSSA isolates accounted for 8.5%. The multidrug resistance (MDR) percentage in S. aureus isolates was 54.2%. S. aureus showed high sensitivity pattern against vancomycin, linezolid, and chloramphenicol. However, a high resistance pattern was observed against oxacillin and piperacillin. sea was the most predominant gene (72.9%), followed by icaA (49.2%), hla (37.3%), and fnbA (13.6%). sea was the commonest virulence gene among MRSA isolates (72.2%), and a significant difference in the distribution of icaA was found. However, sea and icaA were the commonest genes among MSSA isolates (79.9%). The highest distribution of sea was found among ciprofloxacin-resistant isolates (95.2%).
CONCLUSION
The incidence of infections caused by MDR S. aureus significantly increased with MRSA prevalence. sea is the most predominant virulence factor among antibiotic-resistant strains with a significant correlation to piperacillin, gentamicin, and levofloxacin.
背景
金黄色葡萄球菌可引起多种人类感染，包括伤口感染，其致病性主要受几种毒力因子的影响。
目的
本研究旨在检测来自埃及米尼亚大学医院不同伤口感染患者的金黄色葡萄球菌分离株中的毒力基因（hla、sea、icaA 和 fnbA）。本研究还旨在调查这些基因在耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）、甲氧西林敏感金黄色葡萄球菌（MSSA）和万古霉素耐药金黄色葡萄球菌分离株中的流行情况，以及它们对不同抗生素类别的耐药性和敏感性。
方法
本研究为 2019 年 11 月至 2021 年 9 月进行的一项横断面研究。标准生化和微生物学检测显示 59 株金黄色葡萄球菌分离株。采用 Kirby-Bauer 纸片扩散法测定抗生素敏感性。使用 DNA 提取试剂盒提取 DNA，采用聚合酶链反应（PCR）扩增所有基因。
结果
从 51 个伤口样本中检测到 59 株金黄色葡萄球菌分离株。MRSA 分离株占 91.5%，而 MSSA 分离株占 8.5%。金黄色葡萄球菌分离株的多重耐药（MDR）百分比为 54.2%。金黄色葡萄球菌对万古霉素、利奈唑胺和氯霉素表现出高度敏感模式。然而，对苯唑西林和哌拉西林表现出高度耐药模式。sea 是最主要的基因（72.9%），其次是 icaA（49.2%）、hla（37.3%）和 fnbA（13.6%）。sea 是 MRSA 分离株中最常见的毒力基因（72.2%），并且在 icaA 的分布上存在显著差异。然而，sea 和 icaA 是 MSSA 分离株中最常见的基因（79.9%）。sea 在环丙沙星耐药分离株中分布最高（95.2%）。
结论
耐多药金黄色葡萄球菌引起的感染发病率显著增加，MRSA 流行率也随之增加。sea 是抗生素耐药株中最主要的毒力因子，与哌拉西林、庆大霉素和左氧氟沙星有显著相关性。
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