Moyer Cassandra L, Brown Powel H
Department of Clinical Cancer Prevention, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States.
Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, United States.
Front Med (Lausanne). 2023 Jul 31;10:1200947. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1200947. eCollection 2023.
Advancements in research have led to the steady decline of breast cancer mortality over the past thirty years. However, breast cancer incidence has continued to rise, resulting in an undue burden on healthcare costs and highlighting a great need for more effective breast cancer prevention strategies, including targeted chemo preventative agents. Efforts to understand the etiology of breast cancer have uncovered important roles for nuclear receptors in the development and progression of breast cancer. Targeted therapies to inhibit estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) signaling (selective ER modulators, aromatase inhibitors and selective PR modulators) have shown great promise for the treatment and prevention of hormone receptor (HR)-positive breast cancer. However, these drugs do not prevent HR-negative disease. Therefore, recent efforts have focused on novel targeted therapies with the potential to prevent both HR-positive and HR-negative breast cancer. Among these include drugs that target other nuclear receptors, such as retinoic acid receptor (RAR), retinoid X receptor (RXR) and vitamin D receptor (VDR). In this review we provide an overview of recent preclinical and clinical trials targeting members of the nuclear receptor superfamily for the prevention of breast cancer.
在过去三十年中，研究的进展使得乳腺癌死亡率稳步下降。然而，乳腺癌的发病率持续上升，给医疗成本带来了不必要的负担，并凸显出对更有效的乳腺癌预防策略的巨大需求，包括靶向化学预防剂。了解乳腺癌病因的努力揭示了核受体在乳腺癌发生和发展中的重要作用。抑制雌激素受体（ER）和孕激素受体（PR）信号传导的靶向治疗（选择性ER调节剂、芳香化酶抑制剂和选择性PR调节剂）已显示出在治疗和预防激素受体（HR）阳性乳腺癌方面的巨大前景。然而，这些药物并不能预防HR阴性疾病。因此，最近的努力集中在具有预防HR阳性和HR阴性乳腺癌潜力的新型靶向治疗上。其中包括靶向其他核受体的药物，如视黄酸受体（RAR）、视黄醇X受体（RXR）和维生素D受体（VDR）。在这篇综述中，我们概述了最近针对核受体超家族成员预防乳腺癌的临床前和临床试验。
