Deregnaucourt Isabelle, Bardin Jérémie, Villier Loïc, Julliard Romain, Béthoux Olivier
Centre de Recherche en Paléontologie - Paris (CR2P), Sorbonne Université, MNHN, CNRS, 57 rue Cuvier, CP38, F-75005 Paris, France.
Centre d'Ecologie et des Sciences de la Conservation (CESCO), Sorbonne Université, MNHN, CNRS, 43 rue Buffon, 75005 Paris, France.
iScience. 2023 Jul 21;26(8):107420. doi: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.107420. eCollection 2023 Aug 18.
Owing to their prevalence in nowadays terrestrial ecosystems, insects are a relevant group to assess the impact of mass extinctions on emerged land. However, limitations of the insect fossil record make it difficult to assess the impact of such events based on taxonomic diversity alone. Therefore, we documented trends in morphological diversity, i.e., disparity, using wings of Permian to Jurassic Odonata as model. Our results show a decreasing trend in disparity while species richness increased. Both the Permian-Triassic and Triassic-Jurassic transitions are revealed as important events, associated with strong morphospace restructuring due to selective extinction. In each case, a recovery was assured by the diversification of new forms compensating the loss of others. Early representatives of Odonata continuously evolved new shapes, a pattern contrasting with the classical assertion of a morphospace fulfilled early and followed by selective extinctions and specialization within it.
由于昆虫在当今陆地生态系统中十分常见，它们是评估大规模灭绝事件对陆地生物影响的一个重要研究对象。然而，昆虫化石记录的局限性使得仅基于分类多样性来评估此类事件的影响变得困难。因此，我们以二叠纪至侏罗纪蜻蜓目昆虫的翅膀为模型，记录了形态多样性（即差异度）的变化趋势。我们的研究结果表明，差异度呈下降趋势，而物种丰富度则有所增加。二叠纪-三叠纪和三叠纪-侏罗纪的过渡时期被揭示为重要事件，这与选择性灭绝导致的强烈形态空间重组有关。在每种情况下，新形态的多样化确保了生物的复苏，弥补了其他形态的损失。蜻蜓目的早期代表不断进化出新的形态，这一模式与形态空间早期就已填满，随后在其中发生选择性灭绝和特化的传统观点形成了对比。
