中国护理学硕士研究生职业自我概念与职业决策困难的关系：职业决策自我效能感的中介作用
The relationship between professional self-concept and career decision-making difficulties among postgraduate nursing students in China: the mediating role of career decision-making self-efficacy.
作者信息
Bi Yaping, Mou Shaoyu, Wang Ge, Liao Mingyan
机构信息
Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
School of Nursing, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
出版信息
Front Psychol. 2023 Jul 31;14:1198974. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1198974. eCollection 2023.
BACKGROUND
In the context of a global shortage, uneven distribution, and structural imbalance of nursing talent, postgraduate nursing students must make appropriate decisions about their careers not only for the nursing profession but also for society as a whole. However, little research has been reported on the current status and factors influencing career decision-making difficulties among postgraduate nursing students.
OBJECTIVES
Exploring the mediating role of career decision-making self-efficacy between professional self-concept and career decision-making difficulties among postgraduate nursing students in China based on the social cognitive career theory.
METHODS
276 postgraduate nursing students from 25 universities in seven administrative regions of China were selected by stratified random sampling. Data were collected with the Career decision-making difficulties Questionnaire, Career Decision-making Self-Efficacy Scale, and Nursing Professional Self-concept Scale through an online survey, and were analyzed by univariate analysis, correlation analysis, multiple linear regression analysis, and PROCESS macro.
RESULTS
The score for career decision-making difficulties was 2.84 (SD = 0.54). Professional self-concept ( = -0.496, < 0.01) and career decision-making self-efficacy ( = -0.551, < 0.01) were negatively associated with career decision-making difficulties. Career decision-making self-efficacy played a partial mediating role between professional self-concept and career decision-making difficulties ( < 0.01), with the mediating effect (Effect Value = -0.253, Bootstrap 95% CI: -0.349, -0.156) accounting for 53.82% of the total effect.
CONCLUSION
The high scores of career decision-making difficulties among postgraduate nursing students demand widespread attention. Nursing educators need to develop a complete and standardized career counseling curriculum for postgraduate nursing students, and should pay attention to the cultivation and development of positive professional self-concept and career decision-making self-efficacy of postgraduate nursing students to reduce their career decision-making difficulties and help them make effective career decision-making.
背景
在全球护理人才短缺、分布不均和结构失衡的背景下，护理学研究生不仅要为护理专业，也要为整个社会做出关于其职业的恰当决策。然而，关于护理学研究生职业决策困难的现状及影响因素的研究报道较少。
目的
基于社会认知职业理论，探讨职业决策自我效能感在中国护理学研究生专业自我概念与职业决策困难之间的中介作用。
方法
采用分层随机抽样法，选取中国7个行政区25所大学的276名护理学研究生。通过在线调查，使用职业决策困难问卷、职业决策自我效能量表和护理专业自我概念量表收集数据，并进行单因素分析、相关性分析、多元线性回归分析和PROCESS宏程序分析。
结果
职业决策困难得分2.84（标准差=0.54）。专业自我概念（β=-0.496，P<0.01）和职业决策自我效能感（β=-0.551，P<0.01）与职业决策困难呈负相关。职业决策自我效能感在专业自我概念与职业决策困难之间起部分中介作用（P<0.01），中介效应（效应值=-0.253，Bootstrap 95%CI：-0.349，-0.156）占总效应的53.82%。
结论
护理学研究生职业决策困难得分较高，需要广泛关注。护理教育工作者需要为护理学研究生制定完整、规范的职业咨询课程，应关注护理学研究生积极专业自我概念和职业决策自我效能感的培养与发展，以减少其职业决策困难，帮助他们做出有效的职业决策。
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