Social and Behavioral Sciences Branch, Division of Population Health Research, Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, Maryland.
Department of Psychology, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, Illinois.
J Stud Alcohol Drugs. 2023 Nov;84(6):892-901. doi: 10.15288/jsad.22-00407. Epub 2023 Aug 14.
There is strong evidence that substance use is a risk factor for suicidality. Prior studies have focused on the suicide risk associated with using individual substances, even though substance users often use more than one substance. This study investigates the association between patterns of adolescent substance use and suicidality in young adulthood.
Participants were U.S. adolescents ( = 2,111, 58.9% female, mean age = 16.31 years) from the NEXT Generation Health Study, which followed tenth graders for 7 years (2009/2010-2016) and collected data via yearly surveys. Longitudinal latent class analysis was used to identify high school patterns of substance use, and logistic regression was used to relate these patterns to risk of suicidality in young adulthood.
We identified two groups of adolescents: "non-/infrequent users" (71%) and "multiple substance users" (29%). Multiple substance users had higher odds of making a suicide plan or attempt in young adulthood (odds ratio [OR] = 2.41, 95% CI [1.05, 5.53]), but not suicidal ideation (OR = 1.55, 95% CI [0.80, 2.99]), than non-/infrequent users, adjusting for sociodemographic factors and depressive symptoms. Multiple substance users with suicidal ideation were not more likely to progress to a later plan or attempt (OR = 1.41, 95% CI [0.41, 4.84]) than non-/infrequent users.
Adolescents who use substances in high school are at higher risk for making a suicide plan or attempt in young adulthood. Early identification of these adolescents may help inform interventions to mitigate risk for suicidal behaviors in young adulthood.
有强有力的证据表明，物质使用是自杀倾向的一个风险因素。先前的研究侧重于与使用单一物质相关的自杀风险，尽管物质使用者通常使用不止一种物质。本研究调查了青少年物质使用模式与年轻成人期自杀倾向之间的关联。
参与者是来自下一代健康研究（NEXT Generation Health Study）的美国青少年（N = 2111，58.9%为女性，平均年龄为 16.31 岁），该研究对十年级学生进行了为期 7 年的跟踪（2009/2010-2016 年），并通过年度调查收集数据。纵向潜在类别分析用于识别高中时期的物质使用模式，逻辑回归用于将这些模式与年轻成人期自杀倾向的风险相关联。
我们确定了两组青少年：“非/低频率使用者”（71%）和“多种物质使用者”（29%）。与非/低频率使用者相比，多种物质使用者在年轻成人期制定自杀计划或尝试自杀的可能性更高（优势比 [OR] = 2.41，95%置信区间 [CI] [1.05, 5.53]），但自杀意念（OR = 1.55，95% CI [0.80, 2.99]）则不然，调整了社会人口统计学因素和抑郁症状。有自杀意念的多种物质使用者不太可能进展到后来的计划或尝试（OR = 1.41，95% CI [0.41, 4.84]），而非/低频率使用者。
高中时期使用物质的青少年在年轻成人期制定自杀计划或尝试自杀的风险更高。早期识别这些青少年可能有助于为年轻成人期的自杀行为干预措施提供信息。
