Division of Cardiology, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York, USA.
Smidt Heart Institute, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, California, USA.
JACC Heart Fail. 2023 Sep;11(9):1181-1188. doi: 10.1016/j.jchf.2023.06.030. Epub 2023 Aug 16.
Women represent only about 25% of heart transplant recipients annually. Although the number of women living with advanced heart failure remains unknown, epidemiologic research suggests that more women should be receiving advanced heart failure therapies. Sex differences in risk factors, presentation, response to pharmacotherapy, and outcomes in heart failure have been well described. Yet, less is known about sex differences in heart transplant candidate selection, waitlist management, donor selection, perioperative considerations, and post-transplant management and outcomes. The purpose of this review was to summarize the existing published reports related to sex differences in heart transplantation, highlighting areas in which sex-based considerations are well described and supported by available evidence, and emphasizing topics that require further study.
女性每年仅占心脏移植受者的约 25%。尽管患有晚期心力衰竭的女性人数尚不清楚，但流行病学研究表明，应该有更多的女性接受晚期心力衰竭治疗。心力衰竭的危险因素、表现、药物治疗反应和结局方面的性别差异已得到充分描述。然而，对于心脏移植候选者选择、候补名单管理、供体选择、围手术期考虑因素以及移植后管理和结局方面的性别差异知之甚少。本综述的目的是总结与心脏移植中性别差异相关的现有已发表报告，重点介绍性别因素描述充分且有现有证据支持的领域，并强调需要进一步研究的主题。
