Department of Virology, Wageningen Bioveterinary Research, Lelystad, the Netherlands.
Department of Veterinary Medicine and Virginia-Maryland College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, USA.
Curr Opin Virol. 2023 Oct;62:101348. doi: 10.1016/j.coviro.2023.101348. Epub 2023 Aug 15.
Newcastle disease virus (NDV) is an avian pathogen with an unsegmented negative-strand RNA genome. Properties such as the ease of genome modification, respiratory tract tropism, and self-limiting replication in mammals make NDV an attractive vector for vaccine development. Experimental NDV-based vaccines against multiple human and animal pathogens elicited both systemic and mucosal immune responses and were protective in preclinical animal studies, but their real-life efficacy remains to be demonstrated. Only recently, the first results of clinical trials of NDV-based vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 became available, highlighting the challenges that need to be overcome to fully realize the potential of NDV as a platform for the rapid development of economically affordable and effective mucosal vaccines.
新城疫病毒（NDV）是一种具有不分节段的负链 RNA 基因组的禽病原体。该病毒具有易于基因组修饰、呼吸道嗜性以及在哺乳动物中自我限制复制等特性，使其成为疫苗开发的有吸引力的载体。基于 NDV 的实验性疫苗针对多种人类和动物病原体引发了系统和黏膜免疫反应，并在临床前动物研究中具有保护作用，但其实用疗效仍有待证明。直到最近，基于 NDV 的 SARS-CoV-2 疫苗的临床试验的首批结果才公布，这突显了需要克服的挑战，以充分发挥 NDV 作为快速开发经济实惠且有效的黏膜疫苗的平台的潜力。
