Fields Kristin, Ciciolla Lucia, Addante Samantha, Erato Gina, Quigley Ashley, Mullins-Sweatt Stephanie N, Shreffler Karina M
Department of Psychology, Oklahoma State University, 116 Psychology Building, Stillwater, OK 74078 USA.
Department of Child and Family Health Sciences, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK USA.
J Child Adolesc Trauma. 2023 Mar 20;16(3):649-657. doi: 10.1007/s40653-023-00525-1. eCollection 2023 Sep.
This study explores the role of personality traits in the relationship between maternal adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and perceived stress during pregnancy. Pregnancy can be a stressful time for new mothers. ACEs have been associated with elevated levels of pregnancy stress, and have also been linked to the Big Five dimensions of personality, including a positive association with neuroticism. The Big Five have also been associated with perceptions of stress, and there is evidence to suggest that personality may be one mechanism through which ACEs disrupt psychosocial functioning during pregnancy. The sample included 177 pregnant girls and women (ages 15-40) from two prenatal clinics serving diverse and low-income patients. Participants completed online questionnaires on perceived stress, ACEs, and the Ten Item Personality Inventory. Results of a path analysis and test of mediation showed significant indirect effects from ACEs to perceived stress mediated independently by neuroticism and conscientiousness. Mothers with high ACEs reported higher neuroticism and lower conscientiousness, and in turn, experienced high levels of perceived stress during pregnancy. High neuroticism and low conscientiousness associated with early adverse experiences increase the risk for perceived stress during pregnancy. Screening for ACEs may help identify mothers at risk for perinatal stress and provide the opportunity for additional support for maternal emotion regulation and mental health.
本研究探讨了人格特质在母亲童年不良经历（ACEs）与孕期感知压力之间关系中的作用。怀孕对初为人母者来说可能是一段压力较大的时期。童年不良经历与孕期压力水平升高有关，也与人格的大五维度相关，包括与神经质呈正相关。大五人格维度也与压力感知有关，有证据表明人格可能是童年不良经历在孕期扰乱心理社会功能的一种机制。样本包括来自两家为不同的低收入患者服务的产前诊所的177名怀孕女孩和妇女（年龄在15至40岁之间）。参与者完成了关于感知压力、童年不良经历和十项人格量表的在线问卷。路径分析和中介检验结果表明，童年不良经历通过神经质和尽责性独立介导对感知压力产生显著的间接影响。童年不良经历得分高的母亲报告神经质水平较高，尽责性较低，进而在孕期经历较高水平的感知压力。与早期不良经历相关的高神经质和低尽责性会增加孕期感知压力的风险。筛查童年不良经历可能有助于识别有围产期压力风险的母亲，并为母亲情绪调节和心理健康提供额外支持的机会。
