Bioassay-guided isolation in Karel. stem based on its anti-fungal and anti-trichomonas activity.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE

is considered a medicinal plant and has a broad distribution in Iran. In Iran's traditional medicine, it is also used to treat leishmaniasis, malaria, atherosclerosis, cardiovascular disease, and as a disinfectant. This research aimed to determine the anti- component from and anti- natural compounds from the stems of this plant.

EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH

The plant shoots were collected, dried, and after removing the leaves, grounded. Dried plant material was extracted in a maceration tank, concentrated by a Rotavap, degreased, and fractionated by normal column chromatography. Based on anti-fungal screening against species, Fr. 4, with more anti-fungal activity, was selected for phytochemical analysis, by different chromatographic methods on the silica gel column and Sephadex LH-20. Isolated compounds were elucidated by NMR analysis, mass spectrum, and ultraviolet spectroscopy. Anti-fungal effects were investigated using the fungal suspension, incubation, and parasite-counting methods on purified compounds. Antibacterial effects were assessed using the Broth dilution test and reported according to the MIC parameter.

FINDINGS/RESULTS: Two diterpenoid compounds named carnosol (compound 1), 11-hydroxy-12-methoxy-20-norabiata-8, 11, 13-trien (compound 2), and a flavonoid: 6,7-dimethoxy-5, 4'-dihydroxyflavone (compound 3) were isolated and identified. Compound 1 had selective anti-fungal effects against , , and , but weak toxicity against Trichomonas vaginalis with IC of 675.8 μg/mL, less than metronidazole with an IC of 13.2 μg/mL.

CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS

Carnosol as the main component was assayed against , , , and species. The results confirmed its effect on compared to standard drugs.