Key Laboratory of Vector Biology and Pathogen Control of Zhejiang Province, School of Life Sciences, Huzhou University, Huzhou, China.
Department of Biochemistry, and Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
Autophagy. 2024 Jan;20(1):4-14. doi: 10.1080/15548627.2023.2247300. Epub 2023 Aug 18.
Macroautophagy/autophagy, is widely recognized for its crucial role in enabling cell survival and maintaining cellular energy homeostasis during starvation or energy stress. Its regulation is intricately linked to cellular energy status. In this review, covering yeast, mammals, and plants, we aim to provide a comprehensive overview of the understanding of the roles and mechanisms of carbon- or glucose-deprivation related autophagy, showing how cells effectively respond to such challenges for survival. Further investigation is needed to determine the specific degraded substrates by autophagy during glucose or energy deprivation and the diverse roles and mechanisms during varying durations of energy starvation. ADP: adenosine diphosphate; AMP: adenosine monophosphate; AMPK: AMP-activated protein kinase; ATG: autophagy related; ATP: adenosine triphosphate; ER: endoplasmic reticulum; ESCRT: endosomal sorting complex required for transport; GAPDH: glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase; GD: glucose deprivation; GFP: green fluorescent protein; GTPases: guanosine triphosphatases; HK2: hexokinase 2; : ; LD: lipid droplet; MAP1LC3/LC3: microtubule-associated protein1 light chain 3; MAPK: mitogen-activated protein kinase; Mec1: mitosis entry checkpoint 1; MTOR: mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase; NAD (+): nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide; OGD: oxygen and glucose deprivation; PAS: phagophore assembly site; PCD: programmed cell death; PtdIns3K: class III phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase; PtdIns3P: phosphatidylinositol-3-phosphate; ROS: reactive oxygen species; : ; SIRT1: sirtuin 1; Snf1: sucrose non-fermenting 1; STK11/LKB1: serine/threonine kinase 11; TFEB: transcription factor EB; TORC1: target of rapamycin complex 1; ULK1: unc-51 like kinase 1; Vps27: vacuolar protein sorting 27; Vps4: vacuolar protein sorting 4.
自噬，又被广泛称为细胞的自我吞噬，在饥饿或能量压力期间，它对于细胞存活和维持细胞能量平衡起着至关重要的作用。其调控与细胞能量状态密切相关。在这个涵盖酵母、哺乳动物和植物的综述中，我们旨在提供对碳源或葡萄糖饥饿相关自噬的作用和机制的全面理解，展示细胞如何有效地应对这些生存挑战。需要进一步研究来确定在葡萄糖或能量剥夺期间自噬降解的特定底物，以及在不同持续时间的能量饥饿期间的多样化作用和机制。ADP：二磷酸腺苷；AMP：一磷酸腺苷；AMPK：AMP 激活的蛋白激酶；ATG：自噬相关；ATP：三磷酸腺苷；ER：内质网；ESCRT：必需的内体分选复合物；GAPDH：甘油醛-3-磷酸脱氢酶；GD：葡萄糖剥夺；GFP：绿色荧光蛋白；GTPases：鸟苷三磷酸酶；HK2：己糖激酶 2；LC3：微管相关蛋白 1轻链 3；MAPK：丝裂原激活蛋白激酶；Mec1：有丝分裂进入检查点 1；MTOR：雷帕霉素靶蛋白激酶；NAD（+）：烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸；OGD：氧和葡萄糖剥夺；PAS：噬泡组装位点；PCD：程序性细胞死亡；PtdIns3K：III 类磷酸肌醇 3-激酶；PtdIns3P：磷脂酰肌醇-3-磷酸；ROS：活性氧；ULK1：UNC-51 样激酶 1；TFEB：转录因子 EB；TORC1：雷帕霉素靶蛋白复合物 1；ULK1：UNC-51 样激酶 1；Vps27：液泡蛋白分选 27；Vps4：液泡蛋白分选 4。
