东非育龄期妇女的亲密伴侣暴力及其相关因素：广义混合效应稳健泊松回归模型。
Intimate partner violence and its associated factors among reproductive-age women in East Africa:-A generalized mixed effect robust poisson regression model.
机构信息
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.
出版信息
PLoS One. 2023 Aug 18;18(8):e0288917. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0288917. eCollection 2023.
BACKGROUND
The World Health Organization (WHO) has published estimates revealing that around one out of every three women across the globe has been a victim of either physical and/or sexual violence from an intimate partner or non-partner throughout their lifetime. The available evidence on intimate partner violence in East Africa is limited Consequently, the objective of this study was to evaluate the occurrence and factors linked to intimate partner violence in East Africa.
METHODS
The study utilized the most recent data from the Demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) conducted between 2011 and 2018/19 in 11 countries in Eastern Africa. A total of 59,000 women were included in the study. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used to exmine factors associated with IPV. A mixed effect robust Poisson regression model was fitted to identify factors associated with intimate partner violence. The adjusted prevalence ratio (aPR) and its corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI) were employed to determine the presence of a significant association between intimate partner violence and the independent variables.
RESULTS
In this study, the prevalence of intimate partner violence in East Africa was 43.72% with 95% CI 43.32% to 44.12%. In the mixed effect robust Poisson regression model:-Marital status, working status, parity, sex of household headed, wealth index, community poverty, and residence, were significantly associated with intimate partner violence.
CONCLUSION
The prevalence of intimate partner violence in East Africa is high as compared to the global prevalence 30%, which hinders The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), specifically goal 5, aim to attain gender equality and empower women and girls worldwide by the year 2030 Women being previously married and cohabitated, working, having a high number of children, rural residents were positively associated with IPV and household and community wealth index and sex of household headed were negatively related with IPV in East Africa. Therefore, we recommend establishing effective health and legal response using an integrated policy approach and Special attention should be given to women who live rural and poorest to reduce IPV and to achieve Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) goal 5.
背景
世界卫生组织（WHO）发布的估计显示，全球每三名女性中就有一名在其一生中遭受过来自亲密伴侣或非伴侣的身体和/或性暴力。东非关于亲密伴侣暴力的现有证据有限。因此，本研究的目的是评估东非亲密伴侣暴力的发生情况和相关因素。
方法
本研究利用了 2011 年至 2018/19 年期间在东非 11 个国家进行的人口与健康调查（DHS）中最新的数据。共有 59000 名妇女被纳入研究。采用描述性和推断性统计方法来研究与 IPV 相关的因素。采用混合效应稳健泊松回归模型来确定与亲密伴侣暴力相关的因素。调整后的患病率比（aPR）及其相应的 95%置信区间（CI）用于确定亲密伴侣暴力与独立变量之间存在显著关联。
结果
在这项研究中，东非亲密伴侣暴力的流行率为 43.72%，95%CI 为 43.32%至 44.12%。在混合效应稳健泊松回归模型中：婚姻状况、工作状况、生育子女数、家庭户主性别、财富指数、社区贫困程度和居住地点与亲密伴侣暴力显著相关。
结论
与全球 30%的流行率相比，东非亲密伴侣暴力的流行率较高，这阻碍了可持续发展目标（SDGs）的实现，特别是到 2030 年实现全球性别平等和赋予妇女和女孩权力的目标 5。以前结婚和同居、工作、子女多、农村居民与 IPV 呈正相关，家庭和社区财富指数以及家庭户主性别与 IPV 呈负相关。因此，我们建议采用综合政策方法建立有效的卫生和法律应对措施，并特别关注生活在农村和最贫困地区的妇女，以减少 IPV 并实现可持续发展目标（SDGs）目标 5。
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