Body-Brain-Mind Laboratory, School of Physical Education, School of Psychology, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China.
Physical Education Unit, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, China.
Complement Ther Clin Pract. 2023 Nov;53:101792. doi: 10.1016/j.ctcp.2023.101792. Epub 2023 Aug 5.
The Canadian 24-hour movement behavior (24-HMB) guidelines recommend an adequate level of physical activity (PA), a limited amount of screen time (ST), and a sufficient sleep duration (SLP) to promote the healthy development of children. Although the positive effects of adhering to the 24-HMB guidelines have been established for several health parameters, less is known about how adherence to the 24-HMB guidelines relates to the myopia risk (i.e., inability to see distant objects properly). Thus, this study investigated associations between meeting 24-HMB guidelines and myopia risk in school-aged children.
Using a questionnaire survey, this cross-sectional study was conducted among parents of school-aged children (5-13 years) in China from 15 September to 15 October 2022, with a total of 1423 respondents with complete data for analysis. Parents reported their child's time spent in moderate-to-vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA), SLP, and ST. Multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to examine the associations between measures of PA, ST, and SLP alone and in combination, and the occurrence of myopia.
A relatively low percentage of the children being included in the current study (4.92%) met all 24-HMB guidelines, while 32.46% had myopia. Girls had a significantly higher risk of myopia compared to boys (OR = 1.3, 1.002 to 1.68, p = 0.049). Children of parents without myopia had a lower risk of myopia (OR = 0.45, 0.34-0.59, p < 0.001). Children who lived in urban areas (OR = 1.83, 95% CI 1.33 to 2.52, p < 0.001) or towns (OR = 1.60, 1.03 to 2.47, p = 0.04) had a significantly higher risk of myopia compared to those living in rural areas. Meeting SLP guidelines (OR = 0.50, 95% CI 0.31 to 0.82, p < 0.01), meeting ST + SLP guidelines (OR = 0.47, 95% CI 0.32-0.69, <0.001), and meeting all three guidelines were associated with significantly lower risk of myopia (OR = 0.40, 95% CI 0.20-0.82, p = 0.01). Meeting more 24-HMB guidelines was associated with a reduced risk of myopia.
Our data suggest that adhering to SLP, ST + SLP, and ST + SLP + PA guidelines is associated with the risk of myopia. Future research investigating dose-response associations, and potential mechanisms, is necessary to achieve a more nuanced understanding of the observed associations.
加拿大 24 小时运动行为（24-HMB）指南建议保持足够的身体活动（PA）水平、限制屏幕时间（ST）和充足的睡眠时长（SLP），以促进儿童的健康发育。尽管坚持 24-HMB 指南对多项健康参数的积极影响已得到证实，但对于坚持 24-HMB 指南与近视风险（即无法正确看远处物体）之间的关系，人们了解较少。因此，本研究调查了符合 24-HMB 指南与儿童近视风险之间的关联。
本横断面研究于 2022 年 9 月 15 日至 10 月 15 日在中国利用问卷调查，调查了学龄儿童（5-13 岁）家长的情况，共有 1423 名家长完成了调查且数据完整，可用于分析。家长报告了其子女的中高强度体力活动（MVPA）、SLP 和 ST 时间。多变量逻辑回归分析用于检验 PA、ST 和 SLP 单独和联合测量与近视发生之间的关联。
当前研究中，符合所有 24-HMB 指南的儿童比例相对较低（4.92%），而 32.46%的儿童患有近视。与男孩相比，女孩患近视的风险显著更高（OR=1.3，1.002 至 1.68，p=0.049）。父母双方均不近视的儿童患近视的风险较低（OR=0.45，0.34 至 0.59，p<0.001）。与居住在农村地区的儿童相比，居住在城市（OR=1.83，95%CI 1.33 至 2.52，p<0.001）或城镇（OR=1.60，1.03 至 2.47，p=0.04）的儿童患近视的风险显著更高。符合 SLP 指南（OR=0.50，95%CI 0.31 至 0.82，p<0.01）、符合 ST+SLP 指南（OR=0.47，95%CI 0.32 至 0.69，p<0.001）和符合所有三项指南的儿童患近视的风险显著较低（OR=0.40，95%CI 0.20 至 0.82，p=0.01）。符合更多 24-HMB 指南与近视风险降低相关。
本研究数据表明，遵守 SLP、ST+SLP 和 ST+SLP+PA 指南与近视风险相关。未来需要开展剂量-反应关联和潜在机制研究，以更深入地了解观察到的关联。
