Weill Cornell Institute of Geriatric Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine, White Plains, NY, USA.
Weill Cornell Institute of Geriatric Psychiatry, Weill Cornell Medicine, White Plains, NY, USA.
Behav Brain Res. 2023 Oct 2;454:114632. doi: 10.1016/j.bbr.2023.114632. Epub 2023 Aug 18.
Social rewards (e.g., social feedback, praise, and social interactions) are fundamental to social learning and relationships across the life span. Exposure to social rewards is linked to activation in key brain regions, that are impaired in major depression. This is the first summary of neuroimaging literature on social reward processing in depressed and healthy individuals.
We screened 409 studies and identified 25 investigating task-based fMRI activation during exposure to social stimuli in depressed and healthy populations across the lifespan. We conducted a systematic review followed by an Activation Likelihood Estimation (ALE) analysis of three main contrasts: a) positive social feedback vs. neutral stimuli; b) negative social feedback vs. neutral stimuli; c) positive vs. negative social feedback. We also compared activation patterns in depressed versus healthy controls.
Systematic review revealed that social rewards elicit increased activation in subcortical reward regions (NAcc, amygdala, ventral striatum, thalamus) in healthy and depressed individuals; and decreased activation in prefrontal reward regions (medial prefrontal cortex, orbitofrontal cortex) among depressed persons. Our meta-analysis showed, in both depressed and healthy individuals, increased cluster activation of the putamen and caudate in response to negative social stimuli vs. positive stimuli. We also found increased cluster activation in the inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) and the medial frontal gyrus (MFG) in healthy controls vs. depressed individuals, in response to negative social stimuli.
Processing of social stimuli elicits activation of key brain regions involved in affective and social information processing. Interventions for depression can increase social reward responsivity to improve outcomes.
社会奖励（例如社会反馈、赞扬和社交互动）是整个生命周期中社会学习和人际关系的基础。接触社会奖励与关键大脑区域的激活有关，而这些区域在重度抑郁症中受到损害。这是第一篇关于抑郁和健康个体中社会奖励处理的神经影像学文献综述。
我们筛选了 409 项研究，确定了 25 项研究，这些研究调查了在整个生命周期中，抑郁和健康人群在接触社会刺激时的基于任务的 fMRI 激活情况。我们进行了系统评价，然后对三个主要对比的激活似然估计 (ALE) 分析：a）积极的社会反馈与中性刺激；b）消极的社会反馈与中性刺激；c）积极与消极的社会反馈。我们还比较了抑郁组与健康对照组的激活模式。
系统评价显示，社会奖励在健康和抑郁个体中引发了下皮质奖赏区域（伏隔核、杏仁核、腹侧纹状体、丘脑）的激活增加；而在抑郁个体中，前额皮质奖赏区域（内侧前额叶皮质、眶额皮质）的激活减少。我们的荟萃分析显示，在抑郁和健康个体中，对负性社会刺激的反应比正性社会刺激时，纹状体和尾状核的簇激活增加。我们还发现，与抑郁个体相比，健康对照组对负性社会刺激的反应时，额下回（IFG）和额内侧回（MFG）的簇激活增加。
处理社会刺激会引发参与情感和社会信息处理的关键大脑区域的激活。针对抑郁症的干预措施可以增加社会奖励反应性，从而改善结果。
