Tokal Pinar, Sart Gamze, Danilina Marina, Ta'Amnha Mohammad A
Institute of Social Sciences, Netkent Mediterranean Research and Science University, Nicosia, Cyprus.
Hasan Ali Yucel Faculty of Education, Department of Educational Sciences, İstanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, İstanbul, Turkey.
Front Psychol. 2023 Aug 2;14:1202014. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1202014. eCollection 2023.
Gender equality is a critical factor for all ingredients of a healthy society and sustainable development. Therefore, measures to decrease gender inequalities in economic, social, and political life are important for the economic and social development of a society. This study analyzes the influence of education level and economic freedom on gender inequality in emerging markets over the 2000-2020 term through causality and cointegration tests. The results of the causality test uncover a bidirectional causality between education level, economic freedom, and gender inequality. In other words, there exists a mutual interaction among education level, economic freedom, and gender inequality in the short term. Furthermore, the findings of cointegration analysis indicate that education level and economic freedom have a negative impact on gender inequality in the long term, but education level is much more effective on gender inequality than economic freedom in nearly all emerging markets.
性别平等是健康社会和可持续发展的所有要素的关键因素。因此，减少经济、社会和政治生活中的性别不平等的措施对于一个社会的经济和社会发展很重要。本研究通过因果关系和协整检验分析了2000 - 2020年期间教育水平和经济自由对新兴市场性别不平等的影响。因果关系检验的结果揭示了教育水平、经济自由和性别不平等之间的双向因果关系。换句话说，在短期内，教育水平、经济自由和性别不平等之间存在相互作用。此外，协整分析的结果表明，从长期来看，教育水平和经济自由对性别不平等有负面影响，但在几乎所有新兴市场中，教育水平对性别不平等的影响比经济自由更为有效。
