Deng Zixiao, Duarte Marcos Elias, Kim Sung Woo
Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.
Anim Nutr. 2023 Jun 30;14:235-248. doi: 10.1016/j.aninu.2023.06.007. eCollection 2023 Sep.
This study investigated the effects of using soy protein concentrate (SPC) to replace animal protein supplements on mucosa-associated microbiota, intestinal health, and growth performance of nursery pigs. Fifty-six newly weaned pigs (BW = 6.4 ± 0.6 kg) were allotted to 5 treatments in a randomized complete block design. Pigs were fed for 35 d in 3 phases (P; 1, 2, 3) for 10, 12, 13 d, respectively. Dietary treatments were: (1) basal diet with fish meal (P1: 4%, P2: 2%, and P3: 1%), poultry meal (P1: 10%, P2: 8%, and P3: 4%), and blood plasma (P1: 4%, P2: 2%, and P3: 1%), where SPC replacing none (NC); (2) basal diet with SPC replacing fish meal (RFM); (3) basal diet with SPC replacing poultry meal (RPM); (4) basal diet with SPC replacing blood plasma (RBP); and (5) basal diet with SPC replacing all animal protein supplements (PC). Growth performance was recorded for each phase. Pigs were euthanized on d 35 to collect jejunal mucosa and tissue to evaluate intestinal health and microbiota, and ileal digesta to measure apparent ileal digestibility (AID) of nutrients. Data were analyzed using the MIXED procedure of SAS. Overall, RFM, RPM, and RBP did not affect growth performance, whereas PC decreased ( < 0.05) ADG and ADFI. The RPM increased ( < 0.05) and decreased ( < 0.05) . The PC decreased ( < 0.05) , whilst increasing ( < 0.05) , , and . The RFM tended to increase ( = 0.096) immunoglobulin A in the jejunum. The PC tended to decrease ( = 0.078) jejunal crypt cell proliferation. There were no differences in the villus height, AID of nutrients, intestinal inflammation, and intestinal oxidative stress among treatments. In conclusion, SPC can replace fish meal, poultry meal, or blood plasma individually without affecting growth performance and intestinal health, and AID of nutrients of nursery pigs. Particularly SPC replacing poultry meal benefitted intestinal health by reducing and increasing . However, SPC replacing all three animal protein supplements reduced growth of nursery pigs mainly by reducing feed intake.
本研究调查了使用大豆浓缩蛋白（SPC）替代动物蛋白补充剂对保育猪黏膜相关微生物群、肠道健康和生长性能的影响。56头刚断奶的仔猪（体重=6.4±0.6千克）被随机完全区组设计分配到5种处理中。仔猪分3个阶段（第1、2、3阶段）饲养35天，分别为10、12、13天。日粮处理如下：（1）基础日粮加鱼粉（第1阶段：4%，第2阶段：2%，第3阶段：1%）、家禽粉（第1阶段：10%，第2阶段：8%，第3阶段：4%）和血浆（第1阶段：4%，第2阶段：2%，第3阶段：1%），其中SPC不替代任何成分（NC）；（2）基础日粮中SPC替代鱼粉（RFM）；（3）基础日粮中SPC替代家禽粉（RPM）；（4）基础日粮中SPC替代血浆（RBP）；（5）基础日粮中SPC替代所有动物蛋白补充剂（PC）。记录每个阶段的生长性能。在第35天对仔猪实施安乐死，收集空肠黏膜和组织以评估肠道健康和微生物群，并收集回肠食糜以测量养分的表观回肠消化率（AID）。数据采用SAS的MIXED程序进行分析。总体而言，RFM、RPM和RBP不影响生长性能，而PC降低了（P<0.05）平均日增重（ADG）和平均日采食量（ADFI）。RPM增加了（P<0.05）[此处原文缺失具体指标]并降低了（P<0.05）[此处原文缺失具体指标]。PC降低了（P<0.05）[此处原文缺失具体指标]，同时增加了（P<0.05）[此处原文缺失具体指标]、[此处原文缺失具体指标]和[此处原文缺失具体指标]。RFM有增加空肠中免疫球蛋白A的趋势（P=0.096）。PC有降低空肠隐窝细胞增殖的趋势（P=0.078）。各处理间绒毛高度、养分AID、肠道炎症和肠道氧化应激无差异。总之，SPC可以单独替代鱼粉、家禽粉或血浆，而不影响保育猪的生长性能、肠道健康和养分AID。特别是SPC替代家禽粉通过降低[此处原文缺失具体指标]和增加[此处原文缺失具体指标]有益于肠道健康。然而，SPC替代所有三种动物蛋白补充剂主要通过减少采食量降低了保育猪的生长。
