Moita Vitor Hugo C, Duarte Marcos Elias, Kim Sung Woo
Department of Animal Science, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA.
Animals (Basel). 2021 Nov 24;11(12):3351. doi: 10.3390/ani11123351.
This study aimed to determine supplemental effects of phytase on modulation of the mucosa-associated microbiota in the jejunum, intestinal morphology, nutrient digestibility, bone parameters, and growth performance of broiler chickens. Three hundred and sixty newly hatched broiler chickens (Ross 308) (44 ± 2 g BW) were randomly allotted in 6 treatments with 10 birds per cage based on a completely randomized design and fed for 27 d. The treatments consisted of one negative control (NC), diet formulated meeting the requirements suggested by Ross recommendations (2019), and without phytase supplementation. The other treatments consisted of a positive control diet (PC) formulated with 0.15% deficient Ca and P and split into 5 treatments with different phytase inclusion levels (0, 500, 1000, 2000, 4000 FTU/kg feed). Titanium dioxide (0.4%) was added to feeds as an indigestible marker to measure apparent ileal digestibility (AID) of nutrients. On d 27, 3 birds were randomly selected from each cage and euthanized to collect samples for analyzing the mucosa-associated microbiota in the jejunum, oxidative stress status, AID, and bone parameters. Data were analyzed using the proc Mixed of SAS 9.4. Phytase supplementation tended to have a quadratic effect ( = 0.078) on the overall ADG (maximum: 41 g/d at 2833 FTU/kg of feed). Supplementation of phytase at 2,000 FTU/kg increased ( < 0.05) the relative abundance of and reduced ( < 0.05) . Moreover, it tended to reduce ( = 0.085), ( = 0.090) ( = 0.071). Phytase supplementation increased ( < 0.05) the villus height and the AID of CP; and tended to increase ( = 0.086) the AID of P. Phytase supplementation increased ( < 0.05) breaking strength and P content in the tibia. In conclusion, phytase supplementation showed potential benefits on the modulation of the mucosa-associated microbiota in the jejunum by tending to reduce harmful bacteria (, and ) and increase beneficial bacteria (). In addition, it showed positive effects increasing apparent ileal digestibility of CP and P, enhancing intestinal morphology (villus height), and improving the bone parameters (bone breaking strength, ash, and P content). Phytase supplementation at a range of 38 to 59 FTU/d or 600 to 950 FTU/kg of feed provided the most benefits related to nutrient digestibility.
本研究旨在确定植酸酶对肉仔鸡空肠黏膜相关微生物群的调节、肠道形态、养分消化率、骨骼参数和生长性能的补充作用。360只刚孵化的肉仔鸡（罗斯308）（体重44±2克）根据完全随机设计被随机分配到6个处理组，每个笼子10只鸡，饲养27天。处理组包括一个阴性对照（NC），即按照罗斯推荐标准（2019）配制的不添加植酸酶的日粮。其他处理组包括一个阳性对照日粮（PC），其钙和磷含量比标准低0.15%，并分为5个不同植酸酶添加水平（0、500、1000、2000、4000 FTU/千克饲料）的处理组。在饲料中添加0.4%的二氧化钛作为不可消化标记物，以测量养分的表观回肠消化率（AID）。在第27天，从每个笼子中随机选取3只鸡进行安乐死，收集样本以分析空肠黏膜相关微生物群、氧化应激状态、AID和骨骼参数。数据使用SAS 9.4的proc Mixed程序进行分析。添加植酸酶对总体平均日增重有二次效应趋势（P = 0.078）（最大值：饲料中2833 FTU/千克时为41克/天）。添加2000 FTU/千克的植酸酶增加了（P < 0.05）[具体细菌名称未给出]的相对丰度并降低了（P < 0.05）[具体细菌名称未给出]。此外，它有降低[具体细菌名称未给出]（P = 0.085）、[具体细菌名称未给出]（P = 0.090）[具体细菌名称未给出]（P = 0.071）的趋势。添加植酸酶增加了（P < 0.05）绒毛高度和粗蛋白的AID；并倾向于增加（P = 0.086）磷的AID。添加植酸酶增加了（P < 0.05）胫骨的断裂强度和磷含量。总之，添加植酸酶通过倾向于减少有害细菌（[具体细菌名称未给出]、[具体细菌名称未给出]和[具体细菌名称未给出]）和增加有益细菌（[具体细菌名称未给出]），显示出对空肠黏膜相关微生物群调节的潜在益处。此外，它在增加粗蛋白和磷的表观回肠消化率、改善肠道形态（绒毛高度）以及改善骨骼参数（骨骼断裂强度、灰分和磷含量）方面显示出积极作用。在38至59 FTU/天或600至950 FTU/千克饲料范围内添加植酸酶提供了与养分消化率相关的最大益处。
