Bayleyegn Biruk, Asrie Fikir, Yalew Aregawi, Woldu Berhanu
Department of Hematology and Immunohematology, College of Medicine and Health Science, University of Gondar, P.O. Box 196, Gondar, Ethiopia.
J Parasitol Res. 2021 Mar 16;2021:5531091. doi: 10.1155/2021/5531091. eCollection 2021.
Platelet parameter alteration such as platelet count and platelet indices are more common than in other blood cell lines due to diverse causative pathophysiological mechanisms in severe malaria infection. In malaria patients, no more studies evaluated platelet indices in relation to disease severity and prognosis. Therefore, this review assessed the current scientific knowledge on the potential role of platelet indices for the diagnostic marker of severe malaria infection.
Hence, after reviewing recent literatures, elevation of mean platelet volume and platelet distribution width in addition to decreased plateletcrit and platelet counts is the known potential risk factor associated with warning signs of severe malaria. Thus, thrombocytopenia < 150 × 10/L, MPV ≥ 9.05 fL, and PDW ≥ 14.550% as well as significantly higher P-LCR and decrease in PCT are shown significant sensitivity and specificity as they are used as diagnostic and prognostic values in severe malaria infection.
Platelet indices are useful predictors of malaria severity. Immature platelet fraction (IPF%) is raised in the case of severe malaria, and it was significantly more useful than MPV. Advanced research will further investigate the platelet index abnormality associated with specific age and gender among specific malaria species.
由于严重疟疾感染中存在多种致病病理生理机制，血小板参数改变如血小板计数和血小板指数比其他血细胞系更为常见。在疟疾患者中，尚无更多研究评估血小板指数与疾病严重程度及预后的关系。因此，本综述评估了关于血小板指数作为严重疟疾感染诊断标志物潜在作用的当前科学知识。
因此，在回顾近期文献后，除血小板压积和血小板计数降低外，平均血小板体积和血小板分布宽度升高是与严重疟疾警示信号相关的已知潜在危险因素。因此，血小板减少<150×10⁹/L、平均血小板体积≥9.05飞升、血小板分布宽度≥14.550%以及血小板大细胞比率显著升高和血小板压积降低，在用作严重疟疾感染的诊断和预后价值时，显示出显著的敏感性和特异性。
血小板指数是疟疾严重程度的有用预测指标。严重疟疾时未成熟血小板比率升高，且其比平均血小板体积更具显著意义。进一步的研究将深入探究特定疟原虫种类中与特定年龄和性别相关的血小板指数异常情况。
